In the face of climate and environmental changes, monitoring habitats is crucial to understand organism responses to stress and implement effective management strategies. This study focuses on seagrass distribution in lagoons of Mauritius, a small island state in the Indian Ocean, known for its rich biodiversity and extensive coastal seascapes. Seagrass meadows are vital ecosystems that provide climate change solutions, biodiversity support, and serve as nursery grounds for marine species. However, seagrasses are threatened globally by human activities such as unsustainable fishing, coastal development, and high nutrient levels. In Mauritius, seagrasses also face challenges from land conversion and tourist-induced removal. This research aimed to establish important baseline data for seagrass meadows across seven major lagoons of Mauritius. To achieve this, we conducted an ecological inventory based on ground-truthing, where data were collected using transect surveys to document seagrass species composition (diversity and cover), seagrass structural complexity (shoot density and leaf length) and spatial distribution of seagrass meadows. The field survey identified five seagrass species (Thalassodendron ciliatum, Halodule sp., Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila ovalis, and Halophila stipulacea) occurring in mixed or monospecific seagrass stands (sometimes intermingling with macroalgae). Syringodium isoetifolium was generally the dominant species (occurring in all seven lagoons and at relatively high coverage), while the remaining four seagrass species occurred in high coverage in specific lagoons or relatively sparsely. The study emphasises the need for comprehensive spatial (and temporal) baseline data to monitor ecosystem shifts and track the effectiveness of management interventions.