What has happened to the economic history in and about the three Baltic countries Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania after independence in 1991? The survey includes problem areas researched, the reinterpretations of history in different periods, in particular the interwar years and the period of Soviet rule after the Second World War, and the institutional changes in the academy. Even if economic history has not been the first priority of universities, considerable work has been done on development models and the different successes and failures recorded. The frequent institutional changes of the economies, from liberal to state capitalism, to command economy and back to liberal models, have made the task of economic historians difficult. Much time has been spent assessing data and making them comparable, and even more on looking for reliable statistics in the Soviet system. Despite many challenges, much has also been achieved.