The present chapter provides an overview of how phenomenology may enhance our understanding of themes central to medicine: the experience of illness, the meaning of suffering, the role of empathy and dialogue in the clinical encounter, the relationship between medical science on the one hand and medical practice on the other, and, finally, the impact of technology development on contemporary medicine. I will start out by explaining why and how a phenomenology of human embodiment is crucial to comprehend the experiences of illness in relation and contrast to biological dysfunctions of the body – diseases. I will then proceed by arguing that such an understanding of embodied illness can be developed and extended by way of comprehending the suffering of patients as embedded in a life world of human concerns.