This thesis examines how key actors legitimise or contest uranium and critical mineral extraction in Sweden and how these discourses shape the framing of a potential alum-shale mine in Oviken. Using Dryzek’s environmental discourse categories and Hajer’s discourse coalition framework, the study analyses public statements from political parties, state agencies, municipalities, environmental organisations, indigenous and industry representatives. The results identify two distinct coalitions: a pro-mining coalition drawing on Promethean and economic rationalist discourses, and an anti-mining coalition mobilising green consciousness, green politics, survivalism, and administrative rationalism. These discourses’ structure competing storylines that frame Oviken either as a national opportunity for economic gain, technological progress, and climate mitigation or as a local threat to ecological integrity, democratic participation and indigenous rights. The findings show deepening polarisation in Sweden’s mining debate, shaped by recent legislative changes and highlight how discursive alliances influence the political possibilities for supporting or contesting extraction.