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När världen skakar: Komparativ studie av aktieindex S&P 500, OMXS30 och OMXSPI
Södertörn University, School of Social Sciences, Business Studies.
Södertörn University, School of Social Sciences, Business Studies.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Globala kriser kan orsaka kraftig volatilitet på finansmarknader genom att skapa osäkerhet och förändra investerares riskbeteenden. Tidigare forskning visar att olika kriser, beroende på deras typ, påverkar marknader och branscher på olika sätt. Trots detta är forskningen om hur globala händelser påverkar just den aktiemarknaden nedbruten i olika branscher fortfarande begränsad. Detta understryker behovet av vidare studier inom området.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva och analysera konsekvenserna av de tre olika globala kriserna när det gäller volatiliteten på aktiemarknaderna.

Metod: Studien använder en kvantitativ och deduktiv ansats med eventfönster analys på 40 handelsdagar kring krisernas startdatum. Volatilitet mäts genom standardavvikelsen av logaritmisk avkastning. Data har samlats in från Investing.com.

Teori: Teorin utgått från en huvudteori, vilket är Behavioral Finance som styrker mer irrationella beteende, därefter finns det en kompletterande teori Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) som styrker rationella beteenden. 

Slutsatser: Studien visar att volatiliteten ökade mest under Covid-19-pandemin. Resultaten visar att krisens typ, snarare än branschtillhörighet, hade störst betydelse för om förändringarna i volatilitet var statistiskt signifikanta. Studien visar att EMH och beteendefinansiella teorier kompletterar varandra genom att förklara marknadsreaktioner under olika typer av kriser.

Abstract [en]

Background: Global crises can cause significant volatility in financial markets by creating uncertainty and changing investors' risk behaviors. Previous research shows that different crises, depending on their type, affect markets and industries in different ways. Despite this, research on how global events affect the specific stock market broken down into different industries is still limited. This underscores the need for further studies in this area.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the consequences of the three different global crises in terms of stock market volatility.

Method: The study uses a quantitative and deductive approach with event window analysis of 40 trading days around the start dates of the crises. Volatility is measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic returns. Data is collected from Investing.com.

Theory: The theory is based on a main theory, which is Behavioral Finance, which supports more irrational behavior, then there is a complementary theory, the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), which supports rational behavior.

Conclusion: The study shows that volatility increased the most during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results show that the type of crisis, rather than industry affiliation, had the greatest impact on whether changes in volatility were statistically significant. The study shows that EMH and behavioral finance theories complement each other by explaining market reactions during different types of crises.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 76
Keywords [en]
Global crisis, Geopolitical risk, stock market, volatility, Industry index, Behavioral Finance, Efficient Market Hypothesis, S&P 500, OMXS30, OMXSPI, event window.
Keywords [sv]
Global kris, Geopolitisk risk, aktiemarknad, volatilitet, Branschindex, Behavioral Finance, Efficient Market Hypothesis, S&P 500, OMXS30, OMXSPI, eventfönster.
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-58393OAI: oai:DiVA.org:sh-58393DiVA, id: diva2:2012099
Subject / course
Business Studies
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Examiners
Available from: 2025-11-07 Created: 2025-11-06 Last updated: 2025-11-07Bibliographically approved

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