Barn och unga dras i allt större utsträckning in i kriminella nätverk, en utveckling som uppmärksammas inom såväl kriminalpolitiken som i medierna (Brottsförebyggande rådet 2023, s. 11). Denna utveckling har av vissa beskrivits som ett uttryck för att våld och kriminalitet i allt högre grad tar plats inom den svenska skolan. Skolan framställs därmed som en möjlig kontaktyta för kriminella nätverk, där rekrytering, narkotikahandel och förvaring av vapen förekommer (Uppdrag granskning 2025, 02:30). I detta sammanhang intar läraren en central position, då skolans omfattande samhällsuppdrag i stor utsträckning förverkligas genom lärarnas arbete (Englund 2012, s. 10). Trots att skolans ansvar ofta diskuteras saknas fördjupade studier som analyserar hur lärarsubjektet framställs i relation till elevers ökade involvering i kriminella nätverk. Studiens syfte är därför att undersöka hur lärarsubjektet konstrueras diskursivt i redaktionella medietexter och offentliga institutionstexter. Studien genomförs med en kvalitativ ansats med utgångspunkt i Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys och hans tredimensionella analysmodell.  

Resultaten visar fyra återkommande diskurser kring lärarsubjektet. Läraren konstrueras som ett sårbart lärarsubjekt präglad av otrygghet i sin yrkesroll, samtidigt som ett förskjutet lärarsubjekt framträder där läraren förväntas hantera problem som traditionellt faller utanför lärarens ansvarsområde. Vidare framställs ett kompetent men begränsat lärarsubjekt, där professionell kunskap erkänns men handlingsutrymmet begränsas av bristande resurser, stöd och samverkan. Slutligen framträder ett oförberett lärarsubjekt, i de redaktionella medietexterna, där lärarutbildningen beskrivs som otillräcklig. Sammantaget konstrueras lärarsubjektet som ansvarsbärande men strukturellt begränsat, placerat i en spänning mellan höga förväntningar och begränsade möjligheter att agera.

This study explores the potential of Minecraft as a game-based platform to engage youth, and particularly NEET youth, in urban planning discussions.

Methodology: An exploratory qualitative case study was done in collaboration with a Swedish municipality, using observations of modded Minecraft play sessions, interviews, and ethnographic data from an internship program.

Findings: Our data collection led us to identify four themes: (i) Minecraft Enables, the game supports visualization of planning ideas; (Ii) Minecraft Skills Enable, familiarity with the game facilitates participation; (iii) Preferences and Norms, personal ideals shape design choices; and (iv) Understanding Needs, limited awareness of urban functions constrains meaningful engagement.

Originality: Unlike prior studies focusing on children or general youth, this research examines NEET youth as a hard-to-reach group and positions Minecraft as a boundary object for participatory planning rather than a formal planning tool.

Contribution: This study contributes insight into the use of Minecraft in participatory planning with NEET youth, a rarely studied group in serious games literature and game-based approaches.

Drawing on the discourse on masculinities, this article explores the positions of Czech men’s organizations related to childcare. Recently, there has been growing attention to the idea of involved fatherhood; we show that one Czech men’s organization has indeed developed a caring masculinity that aligns well with the notion of involved fatherhood. The other organizations, by contrast, have expressed strong anti‐feminist sentiments, blaming women and female‐dominated professions for their losses in divorce cases. While these groups initially emerged to demand equal custody post‐divorce—appearing to endorse gender equality—they claim to support the “traditional family,” where the man is the head of the household. Although these views seem to be contradictory, we argue they are in line with the pre‐modern view of masculinity in which the family (wife and children) was the property of the man; therefore, it was no contradiction for the father to expect the mother to be the main carer before a divorce, while demanding custody rights after a divorce.

This study examines forest activists’ motivations and their relational engagements with the forest. The aim is to explore what motivates the activist engagement, what enables and constrains it, how the activists’ personal relationship with the forest affects it as well as how the activist engagement affects this personal relationship. The theoretical framework is drawn from the concept of relational values in combination with posthumanist assemblage theory. The study is based on material gathered through semi-structured interviews with activists engaged in forest protection and through a participant observation conducted during a demonstration held for this cause. The study finds that a number of factors motivate the forest activism, the personal relationship with the forest being one important variable. The study further concludes that social relationships – both with fellow activists and with others – shape activist engagement in both positive and negative ways, and that these relations, alongside numerous other elements, constitute part of the activistship here analysed as an assemblage. Furthermore, the study finds that the interviewees' relationship with the forest has changed, and continues to do so, during the course of their activist engagement.

Artificiell intelligens (AI) har under de senaste åren fått en allt större betydelse inom redovisning och revision, vilket har bidragit till förändrade arbetsprocesser och nya krav på yrkesrollen. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur artificiell intelligens påverkar redovisningsyrket, med fokus på hur yrkesrollen omformas samt vilka nya möjligheter och utmaningar som uppstår i mötet mellan teknik och professionell praktik (faktiska arbetet).

Studien syftar även till att belysa hur redovisningsekonomers arbetsuppgifter och kompetenskrav förändras i takt med den ökande användningen av AI. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och bygger på åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med redovisningsekonomer, revisorer och ekonomer med varierande yrkeserfarenhet och organisatorisk bakgrund. Det empiriska materialet har analyserats tematiskt och satts i relation till tre teoretiska perspektiv: Task–Technology Fit, Human Capital Theory och nyinstitutionell teori.

Resultaten visar att AI i första hand används för att automatisera rutinmässiga och regelstyrda arbetsuppgifter, vilket skapar möjligheter i form av effektivare arbetsprocesser och minskat manuellt arbete. Samtidigt framkommer tydliga begränsningar i teknikens förmåga att hantera komplexa och kontextberoende situationer, där mänskligt omdöme fortsatt är avgörande. Vidare visar studien att redovisningsekonomens yrkesroll i ökande grad omformas mot mer övervakande, analytiska och bedömningar baserade arbetsuppgifter, vilket medför förändrade kompetenskrav.

Sammantaget visar studien att AI inte ersätter redovisningsekonomens roll, utan förändrar hur arbete utförs och vilket värde som skapas i redovisningsarbetet. Studien bidrar därmed till en ökad förståelse för hur redovisningsyrket utvecklas i takt med den tekniska förändringen. 

Denna studie undersöker hur musiklärarstudenter förhåller sig till användning av generativ artificiell intelligens inom musikundervisning. Syftet är att förstå hur framtidens musiklärare reflekterar kring AI som ett pedagogiskt och medierande redskap, vilka möjligheter och risker de identifierar, samt hur de ser på AI:s påverkan på den kreativa processen och musikalitet.

Studien utgår från ett teoretiskt ramverk som inkluderar teorier om AI-kompetens, artificiell kreativitet och medialisering, utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. Metodologiskt har studien en kvalitativ ansats och baseras på individuella intervjuer med fem musiklärarstudenter, som analyseras tematiskt.

Resultaten visar att musiklärarstudenterna betraktar AI som ett potentiellt medierande redskap, liknat vid ett ”bollplank” eller en ”extra elevassistent”, som kan stödja elevers lärande. Samtidigt enas de kring att det sociala samspelet och den mänskliga relationen mellan lärare och elev utgör kärnan i undervisningen, något som AI anses sakna förmågan att ersätta. Gällande kreativitet ses AI främst som ett komplement, och frågor kring autenticitet och avsaknaden av mänsklig intention kvarstår som centrala distinktioner gentemot mänsklig kreativitet. Studien belyser också ett glapp mellan behovet av AI-kompetens och innehållet i nuvarande musiklärarutbildningar. Musiklärarstudenterna betonar att förmågan att kritiskt utvärdera och granska AI-genererat material är en nödvändig pedagogisk förutsättning för att hantera risker rörande etik, upphovsrätt och bedömning av elevers självständiga arbete.

This study adopts a rights-focused perspective to evaluate how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is regulated in the European Union, the United States, and China through a legal analysis. It uses a three-jurisdiction framework to examine the EU AI Act, assess its implications for fundamental rights and contrast it with AI regulatory approaches in the United States and China. The analysis focuses on how these legal frameworks safeguard fundamental rights and structure accountability in the development and deployment of AI systems. Drawing on doctrinal analysis of existing regulations, legal documents, case law and academic literature, the study identifies significant differences in regulatory strategies — ranging from rights-based and risk-based models to more security driven and market driven approaches. It concludes with recommendations for regulatory convergence and policy harmonisation aimed at strengthening human rights protection, transparency and accountability in AI governance.

Under de senaste åren har begreppet narcissism blivit allt mer förekommande i svenska nyhetsmedier och används i såväl kliniska som vardagliga sammanhang. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur narcissism gestaltas i svensk nyhetspress samt jämföra hur begreppet framställs i dagspress respektive kvällspress. Studien bygger på en kombination mellan kvantitativ innehållsanalys och kritisk diskursanalys av artiklar från Aftonbladet, Expressen, Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet år 2020-2025. Det teoretiska ramverket utgår ifrån dagordningsteori och gestaltningsteori, kompletterat med begreppen concept creep och medielogik. Dessa används för att analysera hur journalistiska val påverkar framställningen av ett mångfacetterat begrepp. Resultatet visar tydliga skillnader mellan dagspress och kvällspress. Kvällspressen präglas i högre grad av dramatiserade rubriksättningar och personliga berättelser medan dagspress tenderar att använda sig av neutrala begrepp med klinisk förankring i en bredare utsträckning. Studien visar att narcissism ofta används i kontexter som suddar ut gränsen mellan vardagliga personlighetsdrag och klinisk diagnos, vilket kan påverka hur begreppet förstås av samhället. 

Consent in fiction; A literary and didactic analysis of the anthology Höra pulsen slå (2022) in Swedish language education.  The aim of this qualitative study is twofold. Firstly, it examines how consent is represented in the anthology Höra pulsen slå (2022). Secondly, it discusses how this anthology can be used in a didactic context within Swedish language education. The study also seeks to demonstrate that fiction may function as a pedagogical tool for integrating the knowledge area of sexuality, consent, and relationships into Swedish teaching. Increased societal interest in issues of consent, along with recent social developments, has raised questions about how current educational practices can be improved by using fiction as a platform for discussion between teachers and students. The background section addresses both the goals and requirements of the school system, as well as existing shortcomings in teaching within this area. Previous research presents various scholarly perspectives on the possibilities for integration, the role of fiction, and the development of consent education in schools in relation to societal change. The literary analysis highlights how short stories from the anthology portray consent, while the didactic discussion explores how these portrayals can be applied in Swedish language education, thereby emphasizing the anthology’s didactic potential. The analysis is based on a hermeneutic interpretative approach and is divided into two main parts: verbal and non-verbal consent, and the right to say no. The didactic discussion highlights the pedagogical potential of fiction in relation to teaching and examines how literature can serve as an entry point for consent education. This demonstrates the potential for interdisciplinary integration between the knowledge area of sexuality, consent, and relationships and the subject of Swedish. 

Denna studie undersöker hur journalister upplever artificiell intelligens (AI) på lokala tidningsredaktioner, i synnerhet generativ artificiell intelligens, samt om dessa upplevelser skiljer sig mellan skrivande journalist och chefredaktör. Studien avser en kvalitativ metod, semistrukturerade intervjuer av elva skrivande journalister och chefredaktörer i Stockholm- och Västmanlandsområdet. Det insamlade materialet analyserades med tematisk analysmetod enligt Braun och Clarke (2022). Det teoretiska ramverket består av tre teorier, Professionaliseringsteorin, ANT-teori, samt Social Acceleration för att analysera resultatet. Resultatet visar att AI är integrerat på svenska lokala nyhetsredaktioner, och sammantaget har både skrivande journalister och chefredaktörer en övervägande positiv hållning till användningen av generativ AI. Särskilt betonades mänskliga journalisters fortsatta betydelse i lokalsamhället som AI inte kan ersätta. Några större skillnader mellan gruppernas uppfattningar framträder inte, vilket möjligen kan förklaras av chefredaktörernas nära samarbete med journalisterna. Chefredaktörerna uppvisar en mer generellt optimistisk syn på AI-verktygens framtida potential. Journalisterna reflekterar generellt mer över etiska dilemman och brister i tekniken.

The aim of this study is to examine the possibilities that Mats Berggren’s novel Din syster måste dö (2017) offers for discussing honor-related violence and oppression, and how the novel relates to the school’s values-based work. In order to address this aim, research questions have been formulated concerning representations of honor-related violence and oppression, representations of the relationship between age and gender, and how the novel can be used in discussion and teaching. To answer the aim and research questions, a literary interpretation of the novel has been conducted, and a communication model has been used to identify and analyze relevant passages. The theoretical frameworks applied in the analysis are intersectionality, with a focus on the categories of age and gender, as well as the concept of didactic potential, which is used to examine the novel’s educational possibilities. The analysis shows that the novel depicts several forms of honor-related violence and oppression, including both physical and psychological violence, and illustrates how such violence affects different characters in the narrative. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that age and gender have a significant impact on the power structures portrayed in the novel, as well as on the construction of different family roles. Through the close reading, the didactic potential of the novel has been analyzed. The novel shows strong potential as a didactic tool for discussion and teaching about honor-related violence and oppression, but its use requires preparation and prior knowledge on the part of both teachers and students. The findings of this study indicate that Mats Berggren’s Din syster måste dö (2017) is a suitable didactic tool for teaching lower secondary school students about core values issues, particularly honor-related violence and oppression.

This thesis investigates how Jennifer Niven’s young adult novel, All the Bright Places (2015), can enhance high school students’ understanding of mental health. The study starts from the concern that mental ill-health is rising among young people, while the Swedish curriculum (Gy25) stresses literature's role in fostering self and social insight. The novel’s realistic depiction of two teens dealing with grief, trauma, and suicide makes it especially relevant in class discussions. Using literary hermeneutics and intersectionality, the analysis explores the representation of mental health through protagonists Theodore Finch and Violet Markey. Findings show their psychological suffering is shaped by gender, social status, and family dynamics, affecting both their expression of distress and how others interpret it. Theodore is marginalized by masculine norms and scant support, leading his struggles to be misread as misbehavior. Violet’s trauma is hidden by expectations of achievement, making her suffering largely invisible. The novel challenges simplistic views of mental health recovery and emphasizes the importance of support and reconnecting with meaningful activities. The thesis concludes by demonstrating how All the Bright Places can be effectively used in a classroom.

By revealing how structural factors shape mental well-being, it creates a safe space for students to reflect, develop empathy, and critically examine societal norms. The study also highlights the need for further research, including classroom studies of students’ reactions and teachers’ experiences with sensitive topics, as well as comparative and in-depth intersectional analyses of young adult novels.

This thesis examines how gender and norm-breaking femininity are represented in Fatima Bremmer’s biography Ett jävla solsken: En biografi om Ester Blenda Nordström (2017), as well as the work’s didactic potential within upper secondary school Swedish education. The study is based on a qualitative text analysis and draws on an intersectional perspective, Yvonne Hirdman’s theory of the gender system, and the concept of didactic potential. The analysis focuses on how Bremmer portrays Ester Blenda Nordström as a woman who challenges the gender norms of early twentieth-century Sweden through her professional life, travels, and personal relationships, while simultaneously being constrained by societal expectations related to gender, sexuality, and class. Particular attention is paid to Bremmer’s narrative strategies and how they shape the reader’s understanding of norm-breaking femininity as both enabling and limiting. The results show that Ett jävla solsken presents Ester Blenda Nordström as a complex and ambivalent figure whose independence and agency coexist with vulnerability and compromise. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that the biography holds significant didactic potential, as it enables discussions of gender, norms, power structures, and critical reading practices, making it a valuable resource for promoting gender-aware and reflective literary analysis in the upper secondary school classroom.

This study called Christmas as a temporary Utopia examines how the idea of Christmas is represented in three Swedish Christmas magazines from the years 1892, 1958 and 2025. The study focuses on the modern Christmas celebration in relation to the concept of temporary utopia. The findings reveal a strong continuity in Christmas symbolism over time. Central signifiers such as the Christmas tree, Santa Claus, children, community, abundance, peace, the church, and the colour red appear in all three magazines. Christmas is depicted as an idealised past, as a period of community and the comfort of the home, as a children’s holiday, and as a time of peace and tranquility. In addition, a tension between Christian ideals and materialism emerges. Drawing on utopian theory, the modern Christmas celebration is interpreted as an annually recurring temporary utopia in which joy, community, peace and comfort, generosity, and material abundance is the norm.

This study investigates Swedish upper secondary students’ pragmatic competence in the English 6 course. The aim is to study jokes potential to support their pragmatic development, potential difficulties in interpreting jokes and how a lesson centered on jokes influences the classroom climate. To this end, a lesson was conducted that included a warm-up activity, a pre-reading task, and required students to read a selection of jokes and complete a questionnaire consisting of Likert-scale items and open-ended questions. The responses were analyzed using content analysis and categorized to identify the most frequent responsepatterns. The results revealed that most students struggled to derive the implicatures of the jokes, largely due to limited schematic knowledge necessary for interpretation. Consequently, their access to the humor was restricted, and although some jokes were perceived as funny, students often had difficulty explaining why. Finally, the findings indicate that students would have preferred a lesson focused on the oral delivery of jokes rather than reading them, suggesting a lack of motivation when engaging with longer jokes.

This thesis examines how power is exercised, distributed, and legitimised in decisions to dismiss head coaches in Swedish elite football. The study focuses on all coach dismissals in the Swedish mens first league Allsvenskan between 2024 and 2025 and is based on a qualitative document analysis of press releases, official club statements and coverage from established sports media. Through an abductive research approach, the empirical material has been analysed using a theory-driven thematic analysis. The theoretical framework combines Foucault’s discourse-oriented concept of power, neo-institutional theory on organisational legitimacy and isomorphism, and Simon’s theory of bounded rationality.

The results show that coach dismissals are overwhelmingly framed through a performance discourse, where weak results and form slumps are highlighted as primary motives, while more complex organisational factors gives limited space. At the same time, generic narratives about “change”, “new energy” and “leadership” are frequently used to legitimise interventions without specific problem descriptions. In several cases, dismissals are presented as mutual decisions or strategic realignments, which function symbolically to signal control and professionalism towards external stakeholders. The study concludes that coach dismissals in Allsvenskan should be understood less as purely performance-driven measures and more as institutionalised power practices and satisficing responses under uncertainty, shaped by discursive norms, legitimacy pressures and constrained decision environments. 

Den digitala transformationen har förändrat många olika branscher och verksamheter, inklusive taxibranschen. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur taxibranschen har påverkats av den digitala transformationen utifrån ett IT-beroende perspektiv inom plattformsbaserade taxibolag. För att avgränsa studien berör undersökningen ride-hailing och traditionella taxibolag inom storstäderna Stockholm och Göteborg. 

Studien intervjuar fyra respondenter som representerar taxibranschen inom Stockholm och Göteborg samt en femte respondent som bidrar med bakgrund inom den svenska taxibranschen. Datainsamlingen utgick från semistrukturerade intervjuer för att skapa en kvalitativ datainsamling. Resultatet visar på hur IT kan skapa ett mer effektivt arbetssystem. För att bidra till en fungerande plattform har resultatet pekat på att arbetssystemets komponenter såsom användare, information, teknik och processer bör samverka på ett strukturerat sätt. Detta skapar i sin tur en effektivare helhetslösning mellan kunder, förare och plattformen. IS/IT blir därmed nödvändigt för att skapa en effektivare verksamhet inom taxibranschen. Traditionella taxibolag bör se över verksamhetens användning av IT inom dess arbetssystem för att öka verksamhetens effektivitet. För att hänga med i utvecklingen har traditionella taxibolag behövt anpassas till digitala lösningar, medan digitala bolag som Bolt och Uber har varit med och drivit den digitala transformationen. 

AI-genererat innehåll har drastiskt ökat på sociala medier i takt med att generativ AI blivit allt mer avancerade och kan skapa bilder och videor som efterliknar mer verklighetstroget material. Denna utveckling har bidragit till nya visuella uttryck på sociala medier, vilket väcker frågor om hur dessa innehåll tolkas av användare. Unga vuxna är en relevant grupp att studera i detta sammanhang eftersom de är frekventa användare av sociala medier, och samtidigt är kunskapen begränsad om hur de själva tolkar och förhåller sig till AI-genererat innehåll i Sverige. Därmed är syftet med studien att undersöka hur unga vuxna förhåller sig till, resonerar kring och tolkar AI-genererat innehåll, samt deras förståelse av visuell kultur i relation till generativ AI. Studien baserades på sex semistrukturerade intervjuer som bidrog med empiriskt material, som sedan analyserades genom en tematisk analys.

Analysen bidrog med flera intressanta insikter i relation till AI-genererat innehåll på Instagram. Det förekom många variationer i deras känslor, reaktioner, engagemang och attityder, samtidigt som det fanns oro och obehag. Särskilt framträdande är osäkerheten kring möjligheten att avgöra huruvida innehåll är skapat med generativ AI, samt ett generellt förakt mot vissa typer av AI-genererat innehåll. Studien belyser därmed nyanser i unga vuxnas tolkningar av och förhållningssätt till AI-genererat innehåll i den samtida visuella kulturen.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur rörelseaktiviteter integreras i förskolans pedagogik utifrån förskollärares uppfattningar. Genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer har vi studerat hur förskollärare beskriver de pedagogiska strategier de använder för att stimulera barns fysiska aktivitet samt hur de uppfattar utmaningar och möjligheter i arbetet med rörelse i vardagen. Resultaten visar att förskollärarna uppfattar rörelse som en viktig del av barns helhetsutveckling inklusive motoriska, kognitiva och sociala dimensioner och att de använder både planerade och spontana aktiviteter för att stödja denna utveckling. I förskollärarnas beskrivningar framträder pedagogens aktiva deltagande som ett centralt stöd i barnets proximala utvecklingszon, vilket kan förstås som exempel på relationsbaserat och situationsanpassat scaffold. Förskollärarna identifierar utmaningar såsom tidsbrist, personalbrist, begränsade utrymmen och otydliga riktlinjer men beskriver samtidigt hur de genom kreativitet och engagemang finner lösningar. Studien synliggör ett behov av att utifrån förskollärares perspektiv, stärka rörelsens ställning som ett pedagogiskt innehåll i förskolans undervisning.

Over the past two decades, Mexico has become known as one of the most dangerous countries in the world for journalists. Previous studies have largely focused on physical violence, while occupational safety has rarely been examined from a holistic perspective, one that also considers digital, financial, and psychological safety. This study explores occupational safety and the effects of threats to occupational safety using a comprehensive approach, based on ten long-form qualitative interviews with journalists working in Mexico. It also examines the impact of occupational threats on professional practice and emotional well-being. Through thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews, five key themes emerged: A) Physical threat: Regional differences, gendered violence, and safety equipment as a double-edged sword, B) Digital threat: Digital surveillance: a vague but common problem, C) Financial threat: Precarity and inequality D) Psychological threats and the effects of threat on emotional well-being: Psychological distress resulting from exposure to threats, coverage of traumatic events, and strained relationships with editors, and E) Coping and the effects of threats to occupational safety on professional practice: Self-censorship, distancing, support networks, and collective collaboration. The results of this study show that different forms of threats to occupational safety are interconnected, making certain groups such as freelancers and investigative journalists particularly vulnerable. The findings also demonstrate that threats affect journalists' professional practice at every stage, from idea development to publication, and that exposure to threats negatively impacts their emotional well-being, regardless of the type of threat involved.

This book offers an original reinterpretation of the literary history of British socialism in the long twentieth century and a theoretical investigation into the relationship between radical politics and writing more generally. Through detailed close readings of fiction and other prose forms, Socialism and British Literature argues that the discursively open and historically contingent language of where'the people' is understood as a political subject without necessary determinations or objective guarantees (a people that needs to be assembled or imagined, a people that is always yet to come), is at the heart of literary engagements with the idea of socialism in Britain. Across fictional and creative explorations of left-wing politics, from the nineteenth-century ideological contexts which eventually gave rise to mass socialist movements at the beginning of the twentieth century to early twenty-first-century recreations of radical politics, what transpires is an impulse both to expand the discursive forms and identities of ‘socialism’ and to disengage them from any given or fixed socio-economic position.

This study investigates the interplay of socioeconomic, cultural, and climatic factors influencing migration in Malawi's Zomba district, using the New Economic Labour Migration theory framework. Through semi-structured interviews, the research reveals the significant role of variables such as income, education, access to healthcare, and social support networks in shaping migration decisions. Additionally, climatic disruptions, including floods, droughts, and heatwaves, exacerbate vulnerabilities, particularly for rural farming communities, where livelihoods depend heavily on stable weather patterns. These factors compel some individuals to migrate in search of better opportunities, while others adapt. The findings emphasize the critical role of government support in enabling adaptation and mitigating migration pressures. Key interventions include establishing early warning systems for climate-related disasters, generating employment opportunities, and providing education on climate action, sustainable agriculture, and land management. Women, in particular, face disproportionate burdens when men migrate for income, assuming extensive household responsibilities, including managing farms, livestock, and caregiving roles for families.

This study underscores the profound impact of climate change as a driver of migration and highlights the need for government interventions to empower communities. By addressing these interconnected challenges, the findings suggest that vulnerable populations can adapt, and survive, despite facing some of the harshest conditions brought about by socioeconomic inequalities and environmental change.

Sweden has for many years now emerged as one of the leaders in the work of sustainability because of its ambitious environmental goals and policies. However, the country's reliance on imported food and the agriculture sector's significant greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) present challenges to its sustainability efforts. The food system comprises three interconnected parts: agriculture, the improved supply chain, and consumer dietary choices. Each of these components plays a crucial role in the sustainability of the food system. The topic of consumer behaviours is becoming increasingly prominent in discussions regarding sustainable food systems. This study therefore focuses on the sustainable eating habits of Swedish adults and investigates their understanding of sustainable dietary behaviours. This study is based on Kawasaki et al. (2024), who categorised sustainable dietary behaviours into five elements: food choice, storing and preservation, cooking, eating and disposal. A survey with randomised participants was conducted, resulting in 287 respondents, to examine Swedish adults’ dietary choices and behaviours as well as their knowledge of sustainable behaviours. Respondents were also asked what influenced their choices and what barriers they identified in order to be more sustainable in their everyday lives. The results indicate that respondents associate sustainable dietary behaviours with eating in a way that helps mitigate climate change and does not harm the environment. The majority of respondents indicated that taste (57%), price (59%), and health (58%) were significant factors influencing their dietary choices. Additionally, many respondents cited high grocery prices and personal preferences as potential barriers to adopting more sustainable dietary habits. This study underscores the need for more research on sustainable dietary behaviors and clear guidelines for policymakers. Prioritizing dimensions of sustainability and analyzing flaws in the food system are crucial steps toward finding solutions.

The study examines how long term relationships between auditors and clients influence auditor objectivity in small and medium sized enterprises. The theoretical framework discusses loyalty, pressure, tolerance for deviations and structural threats to independence. These factors are linked to the development of personal and economic bonds that may weaken professional scepticism.

The empirical analysis is based on a quantitative survey distributed to all auditors registered in the research database of the Swedish Inspectorate of Auditors. A total of 192 complete responses were collected. Although most auditors state that their objectivity remains unchanged, the results show that loyalty, subtle pressure and increased flexibility in assessments become more frequent as the relationship develops. There are also indications that auditors are more willing to accept minor deviations when the client relationship is long standing.

Formal regulations such as the Swedish independence assessment model and requirements for rotation strengthen independence, although they do not fully eliminate the effects of close auditor client relationships. Additional organisational measures are therefore necessary, including ethical training, internal quality reviews and internal rotation.

The study concludes that auditor objectivity is vulnerable within the context of small and medium sized enterprises. Long term relationships improve efficiency but risk weakening the auditor’s critical judgement. A combination of regulatory frameworks and a strong ethical culture is required to maintain trust in the audit process.

The aim of this study is to examine how body fixation in sport is shaped, maintained, and experienced, and how bodily norms influence athletes’ self-understanding, agency, and relationships to their bodies. The study is grounded in a gender studies and sociocultural perspective, in which body ideals are understood as historically and socially situated rather than individually chosen. The empirical material consists of qualitative document studies, including news articles, documentaries, and social media content, as well as a semi-structured interview with a former elite athlete and norm-critical actor. The material is analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The theoretical framework combines Raewyn Connell’s (2005) concept of hegemonic masculinity with Judith Butler’s (2007) theory of performativity to examine both structural conditions and everyday bodily practices. The analysis shows that athletic bodies are constituted through a tension between functionality and normativity, where performance and aesthetic ideals coexist. Body fixation emerges as a pervasive normative system that shapes interpretations of health, discipline, and bodily value. These consequences extend beyond the individual athlete, for example through the normalisation of weight talk and monitoring in training environments, by influencing what is understood as a “legitimate” athletic body for younger athletes, and by shifting responsibility for health onto individuals rather than sport structures.

Public service-medierna (PSM) befinner sig i en tid av förändring – politiskt, tekniskt och publikmässigt. Men vad vet vi egentligen om dem?

Denna rapport ger en bred internationell översikt över forskningenom public service-medier mellan 1998 och 2024. Genom en analys av 275 vetenskapliga artiklar kartläggs hur forskningen vuxit fram, vilka frågor som dominerat – och vilka kunskapsluckor som ännu återstår.

Rapporten vänder sig till forskare, studenter, journalister, beslutsfattare och alla som vill förstå public service-mediernas roll i ett föränderligt medielandskap. Med tydliga slutsatser och rekommendationer pekar den också framåt: vilka frågor måste framtida forskning ta sig an för att möta kunskapsbehoven i en tid av politisk polarisering och global medieomvandling?

Amanda Ramsälv är fil. dr och biträdande forskare på JMG vid Göteborgs universitet. Hennes forskning kretsar kring journalistiskt arbete och digital nyhetsproduktion.

Public service media (PSM) are undergoing a period of change – politically, technologically, and in terms of their audience. But what do we really know about them?

This report provides a broad international overview of research on public service media between 1998 and 2024. Analyzing 275 scientific articles, it maps how research has evolved, which topics have dominated in research – and which knowledge gaps remain.

The report is aimed at researchers, students, journalists, decision-makers, and anyone who wants to understand the role of public service media in a changing media landscape. With clear conclusions and recommendations, it also points the way forward: what issues must future research address in order to meet the needfor knowledge in an era of political polarisation and global media transformation?

Amanda Ramsälv (PhD) is a researcher at JMG at the University of Gothenburg. Her research focuses on journalism and digital news production.

The purpose of our study is to find out how the interaction between children and educators takes place, as well as the educators’ knowledge of the plan against discrimination and inequality. The study will highlight how educators respond to children’s thoughts and feelings concerning routines and rules that do not apply to everyone. We are also curious to see whether the work with core values helps children develop an understanding that all people are different and therefore have different needs.

Our research is based on the following questions:

How do educators motivate and explain to the group that children in need of special support require specific adaptations in a way that encourages understanding and empathy? How can an educator influence a child’s understanding of other children’s needs?

As a method, we conducted interviews with educators using questions based on the above research topics. It turned out that the educators were aware of the importance of working inclusively and did so to the greatest extent possible. We also did observations in the child group to gain an understanding of the interactions taking place, and the children showed great empathy toward those who required additional support.

The analysis of our results was carried out from a social constructivist perspective, with attention to norm awareness, and inclusive principles. Through the social constructivist perspective, we discovered that the children’s interactions with one another were greatly influenced by how the educators acted in different situations. We also gained insight into the children’s reality and the norms that existed within the group. By applying a norm-conscious approach, we could see the extent to which children’s dissatisfaction was expressed and what could trigger them.

The purpose of this study is to highlight how the balance between risky play and child safety in preschool takes shape in preschool teachers' professional experiences.  The study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with six certified preschool teachers. The collected interview material was compiled and analyzed from a phenomenological perspective based on the concepts of phenomenon, lifeworld, intentionality, reflective awareness, and the lived body. 

The results show that risky play is not considered a problem to be avoided, but rather a necessary part of children's holistic development. How risky play is accepted and handled varies depending on the educator's competence and personal experiences. Thus, safety and freedom do not appear as two opposing poles that the educator must choose between, but as aspects that coexist in a dynamic relationship. The preschool teacher's lived experience, collegial conversations, and professional sensitivity are crucial to maintaining this balance.  Based on the results of the study, we believe that further research should deepen the understanding of children's risky play from several perspectives. Future research could thus investigate how children themselves perceive and experience the phenomenon of risky play, as well as how they experience educators' presence, support, and boundary setting. We therefore see a need to allow children's own voices and experiences to emerge more clearly. 

The purpose of this study is to investigate how preschool teachers perceive their work in implementing the rights of children with intellectual disabilities or autism according to the curriculum and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. 

 My questions are as follows 

- How do educators feel they work to ensure the rights of children with intellectual disabilities or autism, according to the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the preschool curriculum?

- What contributing factors can influence the rights of children with disabilities or autism being overlooked or denied?

In order to achieve a result, I conducted the study using a qualitative questionnaire. I processed the collected data through theoretical analysis. I chose three theoretical starting points through which I could put the material into perspective. The relational and categorical perspective, and the intercultural perspective. The results show that preschool teachers are aware of the curriculum's objectives and are familiar with the articles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, but they experience difficulties in ensuring all children's rights in practice. Educators believe that the children's guardians have a major influence on how they should work with the child in preschool. If the guardians have poor language skills or lack knowledge about the child's rights, this often results in the child being disadvantaged in the preschool. Even guardians who do not accept the child's difficulties limit the educators' work to safeguard the child's rights in preschool. Educators also feel that children with intellectual disabilities or autism are violated by other educators. 

Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur kvinnor som är eller har varit föräldralediga under de senaste fem åren förhåller sig till traditionella föreställningar och sociala normer om föräldraledighet och föräldraskap. Studien är baserad på åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer. För att analysera det insamalde materialet har Judith Butlers teori om performativitet och Yvonne Hirdmans genussystem tillämpats. Studiens resultat visar hur de intervjuade kvinnorna förhåller sig till och resonerar kring fördelningen av föräldraledighet utifrån ett jämställdhetssamhälle. Vidare visar resultatet hur kvinnornas vardagliga handlingar bidrar till att reproducera och upprätthålla könsroller och samhälleliga normer kopplade till föräldraskap.

This study explores how gender is constructed in the stable by using the theory of feminist posthumanism. The purpose of this study is to examine how human and non-human actors are involved in and influence how gender, gender norms, and notions of femininity and masculinity are shaped within equestrian sport at amateur level. Through a combination of accompanying observations in different stables and semi-structured, qualitative interviews with a total of six horseback riders, I have studied interactions between different actors in the stables and how gender and gender norms are reflected in it.

The aim of this essay is to explore young adults’ experiences of returning to work after cancer treatment. The focus is to present a deeper understanding of how these individuals perceive the responses from employers and colleagues, how different forms of capital have facilitated reintegration, and how stigma related to the disease has affected their professional lives. The study is based on qualitative research using semi-structured interviews with three young adult cancer survivors who have experienced the transition from diagnosis to returning to work. The theoretical framework of the study is based on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capital (1979) and Erving Goffman’s theory of stigma (2011). The results of the study indicate that returning to work often involves both practical and psychological challenges, including uncertainty about work capacity, adjustment demands, and experiences of stigma. Workplace norms, particularly those related to full-time work and performance expectations, can complicate reintegration when individual needs are not considered. However, the study shows that clear communication, flexibility, and organizational support can ease the process. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of young adults’ experiences after cancer and highlight the importance of employer responsibility and tailored support to promote a sustainable and inclusive work environment.

The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to examine the bisexual discourses and stereotypes within the Swedish reality show Alla dejtar alla (Double up love), where a group of bisexual men and women explore romantic relationships in a luxurious Spanish villa.  I have conducted a thematic analysis of Alla dejtar alla, and chosen three main themes: binary, monogamy and openness. The themes are then studied through Norman Fairclough's three-dimensional model of critical discourse analysis. By combining queer theoretical perspectives such as performativity and homonormativity with Stuart Hall's theory on stereotypes, I examine how bisexual stereotypes and discourses are both challenged and reproduced within the TV-show. The findings conclude that the conflicting bisexual representations in Alla dejtar alla challenge bisexual stereotypes such as cheating through its monogamous discourses, but also frames contestants who do not conform to monogamy as confused, which reproduces stereotypes.

Purpose: This study examines how large Swedish companies have changed their approaches to stakeholder dialogue and materiality analysis during the transition from the EU’s Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD) to the new Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD). It also explores differences across industries in implementing these processes.

Method: A qualitative multiple-case study was conducted, including content analysis of 61 sustainability reports from 16 companies before and after CSRD implementation and semi-structured interviews with sustainability managers across four sectors (banking, manufacturing/industrial, construction and audit). The document analysis was coded for the presence and characteristics of stakeholder engagement, double materiality, and related disclosures, while interviews provided deeper insight into how companies organize these processes internally. Stakeholder theory and legitimacy theory provided the analytical lens for interpreting findings.

Findings: The transition to CSRD has led to significant changes. Under NFRD, companies typically disclosed a basic list of material sustainability topics with little explanation of how stakeholders were engaged or how those topics were selected. The concept of double materiality, considering both the company’s impact on the world and external sustainability factors’ impact on the company was effectively absent in practice. Following the introduction of CSRD, sustainability reporting exhibits a far higher degree of structure and transparency. Companies now carry out explicit double materiality analyses and document their methodologies in detail. Stakeholder dialogue has become more formalized: many firms now routinely employ surveys, workshops, and interviews to gather input from both internal and external stakeholders. We also observed that companies explicitly link their assessments to CSRD and the ESRS standards, improving comparability. Differences between industries were evident: industrial companies place greater emphasis on environmental and supply chain issues, whereas banks focus more on social and governance issues, reflecting the varying impact areas of their operations. The construction sector faces particular challenges in data collection across extensive supplier networks. Despite these differences, all examined sectors are moving towards more resource-intensive yet informative sustainability processes under CSRD.

Conclusion: The shift from NFRD to CSRD has professionalized corporate sustainability reporting. Stakeholders now play a more influential role, their input is systematically 5integrated and double materiality analysis has evolved from an overlooked concept to a core activity. This change is driven partly by compliance and legitimacy motives, and partly by a growing recognition that sustainability issues must be managed holistically. The study provides insight into how regulation can accelerate the adoption of best practices, while also highlighting the need for ongoing development of methods and expertise to ensure that these new processes truly create value for both companies and stakeholders.

This thesis explores how science fiction films depict different themes of loss through their temporal narrative structure and how these representations reflected Andres Reckwitz’s concepts of late modern society’s changed relationship with loss. Four films spanning nearly an entire century of cinema are analysed: Metropolis (1927), 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), Interstellar (2014) and Don’t Look Up (2021). The study applies Gerard Genette’s and Mieke Bal’s temporal narratological framework – sequential order, rhythm and frequency – to identify how narrative devices make loss visible.In the first part of the analysis, the main losses are defined for each of the films, the main themes of Metropolis was the Loss of Social Order, for 2001: A Space Odyssey, the main themes of loss were found to be the Cultural Loss and Loss of Control and for both Interstellar and Don’t Look Up, the main themes of loss were Total Loss and Loss of Social Stability. This reflects the new quality of loss found in late modernity with both newer films depicting an existential crisis in an apocalyptic setting.The findings of the second part of the analysis highlight shifts between early modernist and late modernist portrayals of loss: from collective, structural catastrophes toward existential, and temporally complex depictions. The study concludes that narrative structures in science fiction do not merely tell stories about loss—they embody loss, structurally mirroring the contradictions and fragility of modernity itself.

Dementia is an incurable disease affecting both individuals diagnosed and their familymembers. Caregiving can lead to negative consequences for finances, social relationships, recovery, and quality of life. Family members are often considered in need of professional support to manage their role, yet the availability of such support varies across Sweden. This study explored professionals’ experiences of working with family caregivers of older adults with dementia, using a narrative approach. Semi-structured interviews and qualitative thematic analysis were used to identify how professionals understood caregivers, support systems, and their own roles. Findings showed that professional narratives both enabled and constrained how caregiver support was conceptualized and delivered. Caregivers were portrayed as secondary clients, vulnerable individuals, highly responsible, and essential resources in the welfare system. Access to support was shaped by municipal resources, professional assessments, and caregivers’ own initiative. Professionals expressed frustration over organizational barriers and limited resources. The study identified three key needs for change in caregiver support: (1) increased resources and services, (2) a revised professional approach, and (3) recognition of caregivers as independent actors with their own rights, rather than solely as support for the person with dementia.

This study examines the effect of ESG performance on financial outcomes within theEuropean chemical industry, a capital-intensive and highly regulated sector facing increasingsustainability and reporting demands. Adopting an investor-oriented perspective, the studyaddresses a persistent gap in the literature regarding whether ESG ratings translate intomeasurable financial performance once firm-specific and institutional factors are taken intoaccount.The theoretical framework is grounded in stakeholder theory and signaling theory, whichsuggest that ESG performance may contribute to value creation through improvedstakeholder relations and reduced information asymmetry. A quantitative panel-data approachis applied using secondary data from 38 large publicly listed chemical companies across sixEuropean countries over the period 2020–2024, resulting in 190 firm-year observations. ESGscores are obtained from MSCI, while financial performance is measured using return oninvested capital (ROIC), earnings per share growth (EPS growth), and free cash flow (FCF).The empirical analysis employs multiple linear regression models with control variables forfirm size, leverage, and country-specific effects, complemented by correlation analysis.The results indicate that ESG performance does not exhibit a statistically significant effect onany of the financial performance measures once control variables are included. ESGcoefficients are consistently weak and non-significant across all models. In contrast, leverageand certain country-specific factors demonstrate significant explanatory power, suggestingthat capital structure and institutional context are more influential determinants of financialperformance in this sector than ESG ratings.The study contributes to the ESG literature by providing industry-specific evidence from theEuropean chemical sector and by demonstrating the importance of incorporating controlvariables when assessing ESG–performance effects. The findings highlight that ESG mayfunction primarily as a risk management or compliance mechanism rather than a direct driverof short-term financial performance in capital-intensive industries. Future research isencouraged to explore longer time horizons, disaggregated ESG components, and alternativemethodological approaches to capture potential long-term and non-linear effects. 

 Dance in Preschool – An underused resource?

A qualitative study of preschool teachers’ experiences of the use and significance of dance for children in preschool

The purpose of the study is to examine how preschool teachers use dance in preschool education and what significance they attribute to dance for children's development and learning. Two research questions have formed the basis of the study: what opportunities teachers believe dance can create for children's learning and development, and how they describe their working methods and didactic choices when dance is included in the teaching. The study has a qualitative approach and is based on semi-structured interviews with seven preschool teachers. The analysis was carried out as a thematic analysis, and the interpretation was made with support from theories of embodied learning and Lindström’s model for learning in, about, and through art. The results show that the teachers view dance as an activity that creates several pathways into learning. Dance emerges both as bodily support for conceptual understanding and as an inclusive form of expression in which children can participate based on their conditions, regardless of linguistic, motor, or social abilities. The teachers describe how dance can make mathematical, linguistic, scientific, and emotional content visible through bodily expression, where the body appears as a fundamental resource in children's processes of understanding. This occurs through movement being used to concretise abstract phenomena. The study also shows that the teachers work with freedom within clear boundaries, and that the didactic choices considered important are the choice of music, visual supports, and the varying degree of their own participation as support for giving children opportunities to explore movement and develop their own expressions. Taken together, dance emerges as a versatile pedagogical tool in preschool education.