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  • 1.
    Henriksson, Oskar
    et al.
    Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, Biologi.
    Mwandya, Augustine
    Sokoine University of Agriculture.
    Gullström, Martin
    Stockholm University.
    Thorberg, Marika
    Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper.
    Grahn, Mats
    Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, Biologi.
    Genetic Identification and Population Structure of Juvenile Mullet (Mugilidae) Collected for Aquaculture in East Africa2012Ingår i: Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science, ISSN 0856-860X, E-ISSN 2683-6416, Vol. 11, nr 1, s. 41-54Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    There is a growing demand for wild caught juvenile fish to supply the market for aquaculture. However, little is known about the genetic effects of juvenile collection from wild populations. There are a number of imminent threats to both aquaculture systems and wild fish populations. Juvenile collection from a single population can for example reduce population’s evolutionary potential as well as the disease resistance within an aquaculture pond. In this study, we investigated the local genetic structure of juvenile mullets collected from five sites around Bagamoyo (Tanzanian mainland) and Zanzibar Island, East Africa. Fish were caught in low tide using a seine net. The fish were morphologically identified, and then genetically identified using direct sequencing of the CO1 gene with cross referencing with the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) systems.  Molecular variance analyses were used to infer genetic subdivision based on geographic sampling site as well as inferring population structure through the Bayesian assignment test implemented in STRUCTURE 2.3. Our results showed that samples morphologically identified as Mugil cephalus where in fact Valamugil buchanani and we also found evidence of an introgression genome event, where the gene flow from one species may have affected the general gene pool. The Bayesian analysis revealed a clear genetic population structure among the sampled fish; the main difference was the presence of a unique mainland cluster. Our findings may have important implications for management and conservation of mullet fishes in the region and elsewhere.

  • 2.
    Larsson, Josefine
    et al.
    Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, Biologi. Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, Miljövetenskap.
    Henriksson, Oskar
    Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, Biologi. Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, Miljövetenskap.
    Grahn, Mats
    Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, Biologi. Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, Miljövetenskap.
    Population Genetic Structure and Connectivity of the Abundant Sea Urchin, Diadema setosum around Unguja Island (Zanzibar)2010Ingår i: Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science, ISSN 0856-860X, E-ISSN 2683-6416, Vol. 9, nr 2, s. 165-174Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract—Uncontrolled growth of sea urchin populations may have a negative effect on coral reefs, making them barren. To avoid this, different methods of sea urchin reduction have been developed but, without knowledge of their genetic structure and connectivity, these methods may be ineffective. The aim of this study was to examine the fine-scale genetic structure and connectivity in the sea urchin, Diadema setosum, population around Unguja, Zanzibar, using AFLP. We found evidence of different genetic clusters, high migration between the sites and high genetic diversity within the sites. These findings indicate that a manual reduction of sea urchins with similar genetic connectivity, implemented on the same geographic scale as our study, would be ineffective since sites are probably repopulated from many sources.

  • 3.
    Lugomela, Charles
    et al.
    Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries, University of Dar es Salaam, PO Box 35064 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Lyimo, Thomas J.
    Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar es Salaam, PO Box 35179, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Namkinga, Lucy A
    Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar es Salaam, PO Box 35179, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Moyo, Sabina
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, PO Box 65001 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Goericke, Ralph
    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, 92093, USA.
    Sjöling, Sara
    Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, Biologi.
    Co-variation of Cholera with Climatic and Environmental Parameters in Coastal Regions of Tanzania2014Ingår i: Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science, ISSN 0856-860X, E-ISSN 2683-6416, Vol. 13, nr 1, s. 93-105Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The bacterium causing cholera, Vibrio cholerae, is essentially a marine organism and its ecological dynamics have been linked to oceanographic conditions and climate. We used autoregressive models with external inputs to identify potential relationships between the number of cholera cases in the coastal regions of mainland Tanzania with climatic and environmental indices (maximum air temperature, sea surface temperature, wind speed and chlorophyll a). Results revealed that, between 2004 and 2010, coastal regions of mainland Tanzania inhabited by approximately 21% of the total population accounted for approximately 50% of the cholera cases and 40% of the total mortality. Significant co-variations were found between seasonally adjusted cholera cases and coastal ocean chlorophyll a and, to some degree, sea surface temperature, the outbreaks lagging behind by one to four months. Cholera cases in Dar es Salaam were also weakly related to the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode Index, lagging by five months, suggesting that it may be possible to predict cholera outbreaks for Dar es Salaam this period ahead. The results also suggest that the severity of cholera in coastal regions can be predicted by ocean conditions and that longer-term environmental and climate parameters may be used to predict cholera outbreaks along the coastal regions.

  • 4.
    Rabe, Linn
    et al.
    Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, Miljövetenskap.
    Saunders, Fred
    Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, Miljövetenskap.
    Community-based Natural Resource Management of the Jozani-Pete Mangrove Forest: Do They Have a Voice?2013Ingår i: Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science, ISSN 0856-860X, E-ISSN 2683-6416, Vol. 12, nr 2, s. 133-150Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Local participation, especially in natural resource management, has been promoted as a key strategy in the quest for sustainable development. Community-based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) is an approach that has generally been promoted as an institution that genuinely includes and empowers ‘local people' in natural resource use and management. This paper examines how local participation in conservation projects works in practice by drawing on concepts from institutional and actor-oriented theories and applying a case study approach to examine community-based mangrove management at Jozani-Pete, Zanzibar. Here CBNRM became embedded within a conservation agenda that resulted in conflict, resistance, frustration and uncertainty amongst community members. The paper offers insight into how exogenously initiated CBNRM projects have difficulty gaining traction unless they both address existing power relations and deliver on promises of material benefits. If they fail to do so the experience of the Jozani-Pete case study suggests that CBNRM may work to further marginalize already marginalized people.

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