This audience study explores the changes of news consumption and avoidance behaviour by young millennial immigrants from various backgrounds, living in Stockholm, Sweden. Considering various theoretical frameworks, such as the intentional vs. unintentional model (Skovsgaard & Andersen, 2020), the migration change model (Tabor & Milfont, 2011), as well as a combination of a phenomenology of news model (Bengtsson & Johansson, 2021) and media repertoires established by Swart et al. (2017), a qualitative research has been conducted consisting of eight semi-structured interviews. Through a thematic analysis possible patterns have been established and findings show that individuals tend to change their behaviour in news consumption for various reasons. (1) Participants want to be able to establish their own news-routines and use their migration as an opportunity for a new start, (2) there is a certain influence by people closest to them and with their social circle changing, their (news) interests change as well, and (3) motivation and interest play an important role in shaping new consumption behaviours in a new country: the more one is interested in learning more about the new country, its culture and its language, the more likely they are to check that country’s traditional news media sources.

This article discusses the Swedish government's policy document on a feminist policy to reduce and prevent men's violence against women. Permeated by racial ignorance and politics of difference this document systematically and consistently excludes and ignores racial and ethnic power structures and their consequences in migrant minorities' daily lives and experience. The article raises questions about why some knowledge is silenced or abandoned while some is embraced and encouraged. Within a wider intersectional framework, and through critical race theory and ignorance studies, it investigates the knowledge produced in the government document and the way it reproduces, maintains, and normalizes racial otherness and social exclusion.

The purpose of this article is to examine the experiences of two generations among the Kurdish diaspora in Sweden: those who migrated as adults and those who were born and/or raised in Sweden. The focus will be on issues of identity, home(land) and politics of belonging with regard to generational and temporal aspects. We will argue that there are significant differences among the older and younger generations with regard to their experiences that demand different theoretical and analytical conceptualisations.

Sweden is considered as one of the European Union's most equal countries where women and men should have equal opportunities at the labor market. The Gender Equality Act and the Discrimination Act have been enacted to promote equal rights for women and men and to prevent gender segregation at the labor market and in workplaces. Despite these laws, there are still differences in career development between women and men. The purpose of this study is to illustrate how women at different workplaces experience their opportunities for advancement, women's assumptions of strategies for dealing with inequality and how women's self-image has been affected as a result of their experiences. The empirical material is based on seven semi-structured interviews analyzed through Chodorow's theory the reproduction of mothering to analyze the reproduction of gender norms and Bergman's description of vertical and internal segregation. The results of the study show that women experience barriers to advancement and career development at their workplaces based on their gender, which has further contributed to the adoption of strategies to gain legitimacy. These experiences have contributed to a negative impact on women's self-image which has manifested in constant questioning of women's competence and capability at work based on traditional norms.

The purpose of this study has been to investigate individuals who have moved to Sweden from Bosnia and Serbia and how they identify themselves, if migration has affected their views on their identity and how they define their sense of belonging to Sweden and their home country. The study is conducted through a qualitative content analysis that addresses possible differences between individuals who moved to Sweden in the 1990s and individuals who moved to Sweden in the 21st century. The theoretical framework consists of theory whichs links identity and belonging, theory of migration, theory of diaspora and a theory about Swedishness. What our empiricial evidence shows in the analysis is that there are two different types of identity, that differences exist in how to identify primarily because of the length of time found in Sweden and that individual experiences of opportunities and challenges encountered in the new society is the basis for how one relates oneself in relation to their identity and belonging.  

The key purpose of this research has been to study and understand how young people with Syriac ethnicity experience their identity, when living in two different cultures. The Syriac minority is something of a special case when it concerns establishing the identity of an individual, since syriac´s do not have an official country.

To be able to do this research an interview has been done with four young students with syriac ethnicity. The four of them is attending their final year at “gymnasiet” in Sweden which is equivalent to USA’s senior year in high school.

The multicultural school is today a fact and many immigrants attending the Swedish schools today feels misplaced when they meet the Swedish culture through fellow students and society. A clash between cultures occurs and most of the students, with non-Swedish ethnicity, live some kind of dual life. One side of this twin identity represents the ethnic identity which dominates at home and around relatives. The other side is displayed in circumstances outside of their home, which is at school and in the Swedish society in general.

This research shows the general opinion, among syriac high school students, concerning the individual identity and in which way they handle their own identity development when living within two different cultures.

One of my main questions to investigate is to find out if young students, with syriac ethnicity, develops a weak root in their ethnic identity by living outside of the syriac community.

One of my conclusions is that a student with syriac ethnicity, whom is educated in an intercultural school is rather encouraged in seeking his/her roots. Since the multicultural environment awakens a curiosity in students to seek their own ethnic identity.

Recently, it has been suggested that critical realism offers a potential lens to understand sport and social change. This paper utilizes a case study with a Swedish martial arts club, renowned for its social inclusion culture and undertaking of a refugee initiative. I analyze this material according to Archer’s (1995) morphogenetic approach. The results show that several issues prevent the refugees’ social inclusion. According to the morphogenetic approach, these issues are due to structural- and cultural conditions, which partially set the stage for how the club responds to diversity. In contemplating incidents that hamper the initiative, informants deliberated how refugees fail to adopt specific ways of training and behaving. The narratives reflect the broader Swedish political climate concerning migrants’ adaptation, where assimilation, rather than integration, is preferred. Thus, the paper contributes towards the (critical) realist-understanding of sport and social inclusion and offers insights into generative mechanisms that underpin exclusionary practices.

This review examines the distinct treatment of millions of displaced Ukrainians amidst the ongoing conflict, compared to previous refugee groups in Europe, presenting a synthesis of research encompassing traditional and grey literature. Evaluating resettlement processes, the analysis underscores the unique factors shaping Ukrainian refugees' reception, shedding light on disparities compared to other refugee groups. Cultural perceptions, vulnerability, demographics and the framing of Russia as a common adversary influence responses from individuals, organizations and nations in unprecedented ways in Western societies. The discussion critically dissects these findings, proposing the concept of ‘promising victimhood’ for a nuanced understanding of differential treatment, while urging further theoretical development. This concise systematic review serves as a crucial benchmark for both academics and policymakers, emphasizing the need to address systemic injustices in refugee reception across various levels and sectors.

In an endeavour to understand connections between immigration policy and contemporary colonialism on Indigenous territory, this study investigates how state-led immigrant integration policies and practices reproduce colonialism in Swedish Sapmi. It explores the applicability of scholarship on settler colonialism on Sweden and develops the notion of banal colonialism by combining scholarship on settler and everyday colonialism with banal nationalism. Drawing from state documents regulating immigrant integration and semi-structured interviews conducted with integration workers in Swedish Sapmi, the study shows that immigrant integration policy largely silences the colonial past and present of Sweden. While the implementation of national-level policies on Indigenous land reproduces majority-centred narratives, also practices challenging the colonial order are identified. The study shows how the notion of banal colonialism captures mundane colonial practices, but also brings attention to instances where immigrant integration policy has the potential of challenging settler colonialism.

Sweden has been recognised as one of the most generous countries in terms of the governance of migration and asylum. The 2015 “refugee crisis” placed the Swedish migration and asylum system under extreme pressure when more than 163,000 refugees arrived in 2015. Like other EU members, Swedish migration policies have become gradually more restrictive, legitimised by the discourse of securitisation, whereby migration is addressed as a threat. By taking “securitisation” as a conceptual point of departure, the aim of this chapter is to analyse the official statements and non-official motives behind the securitisation turn of Sweden’s post-2015 migration policy and relate them to the vulnerable situation unaccompanied immigrants experienced when they came to Sweden in 2015 as refugees and asylum seekers. However, even if some of the interviewees had experienced racism and other negative attitudes and felt ill at ease waiting for their residency permit, unaccompanied immigrants are not necessarily vulnerable victims without the capacity and will to learn a new language, educate themselves and find a job.

Noting an overreliance on North American and European-based understandings of race and ethnicity, many sociologists have called for research in new spaces. But the same conceptual and regional limitations apply to several other studies. One example of this is multiculturalism. Scholars tend to associate multiculturalism with international migration and ethnic pluralism. As such, they typically study multiculturalism in the most ethnically diverse (and often most affluent) countries – that is, in Europe and North America. But international migration does not always result in ethnic pluralism. For example, diasporic return migration often leads to the convergence of internally diverse co-ethnic populations in ethnically homogeneous nation-states. The diasporic ‘returnees’, who were born outside of their perceived homelands, come through targeted migration policies, face various levels of discrimination, and yet contribute significantly to the economic development and cultural diversity of the countries to which they relocate. As such, this article argues that the multiculturalization of monoethnic nationhood is substantially driven by diasporic return migration. In exploring diasporic multiculturalism, the article draws from data collected in Yerevan, Armenia.

In many countries in Europe entrepreneurs take over the responsibility of the integration process. This paper criticizes a certain type of entrepreneurial role model as promoting a single input agent, only counting profit as its input. The possibility of a non-outsourced, conscience-based model for regulating the integration process is discussed as a possibility and as a stepping stone for critique of the entrepreneurial model’s social claims as a whole.

“Här kommer våra svenskar!” is an tourism study that studies how second generation immigrants from former Yugoslavia describe their motives for diaspora tourism as well as how diaspora tourism effects the individuals perception of identity. This study has used a qualitative methodological approach where the empirical data was collected through nine interviews with second generation immigrants from former Yugoslavia concerning their experiences of diaspora tourism. This study shows that there is some indication that diaspora tourism has an effect on second generation immigrants from former Yugoslavias perception of identity. In addition to confirming previous diaspora tourism studies travel motives, this study also puts forward a previously unexplored underlying travel motive which has interesting implication for future tourism studies.

This paper gives first insights into a new research project (started in January 2021) about ”migrant voices”. We study different media initiatives and media productions by migrants or people with migrant backgrounds from different generations and in different countries (Sweden, Germany, Estonia). The term “migrant media” holds the idea that migrants make their own content, that is, they have editorial control, and tell their own stories purposefully and intentionally. This is a field that has only received marginal attention in the wider field of media and communication studies. Since the technical preconditions for speech, e.g. for participating in the public sphere are enhanced due to digital communication technologies, digital voices of the migrants have the potential to counteract a dominant mainstream media discourse. 

In order to explore forms of “listening” and “talking back”, I focus on a podcast named “Kanackische Welle” with 42 episodes (June 2021) that gained wider attention in the German public sphere. The topic of living in a multi-cultural society in general and racism in Germany in particular are widely discussed in this podcast. This paper asks how the producers work in order to amplify their voice beyond their own migrant community. What kind of voices, narratives and frames are privileged by this media? 

This podcast shows how it is possible to add new voices to the wider public sphere by addressing issues from perspectives that are usually not or only marginally noticed. The question of racism is not new, but the angle of everyday stereotyping and hierarchization of cultures and shades of skin color, and privileges of white people are hardly discussed. The issues are both treated in a “we and them” manner but also in self-reflective way. Guests are usually invited in order to deepen the conversation and to give a broader view. It is not done in a pro and contra manner but rather in an informal way of common understanding of the relevance of the issue by e.g. sharing expert knowledge in order to understand the roots and causes for widespread racist thinking. Already from the beginning, the hosts and guests agree upon the importance of the issue and want to clarify the problem. 

Actually, this media production is an example of how to make the media landscape more diverse. Benefitting from the status of being trained journalists and having a journalistic network behind, gave the hosts good starting opportunities for gaining attention and recognition from mainstream media and, therefore, a path into the wider public sphere and outside one’s own community. The combination of status and thoughtful treatment of complex issues in a playful way, especially target at the younger generation, has opened the door for recognition from mainstream media. The perspectives addressed in the podcast are “currently very requested” by mainstream media (Krone 2020) because they attract migrant communities and especially a younger audience, something that, mainstream media often have not succeeded with.

This article examines the entanglement between refugees’ Internet use and their present living conditions of re-settlement in Sweden and Germany. It seeks to provide a new perspective by applying the operational concept of “expectation” as developed by Niklas Luhmann.

Expectations emerge in the interplay between the user and the materiality as well as functionality of media technologies that are embedded in concrete living conditions. Based on in-depth interviews, it becomes obvious that using media technologies in order to manage one’s life situation is a learning process influenced by social and cognitive conditions, whereby the responsibility of the individual is decisive for a successful outcome.

As the number of refugees in the world is increasing and it is known that social inequality negatively impacts mental health, it is important to study integration policies, such as labour market measures. In this article, the strategic interventions of the Swedish Public Employment Service are analysed to determine how the agency’s management handled and implemented the legal changes in the new support document for its case workers. The focus is on the effects of the changes in the legal text that transferred the responsibility for establishment initiatives for newly arrived migrants to the agency and, as a result, changed the conditions for newly arrived refugees’ mental health in the new establishment programme. Eight people representing different management functions at the agency were interviewed. The results show that the intention in the new programme to view newly arrived refugees in the same way as all other unemployed people, rather than as a special category, has meant that less attention is paid to the refugees’ mental health, and the opportunities for the agency’s street-level bureaucrats to help clients have decreased. In the face of predicted growing numbers of people having to abandon their homes due to conflicts and climate changes, governmental strategies such as these needs to be revisited in order for societies worldwide to be better prepared for that challenge.

Denna rapport ger en helhetsbild av storstadssatsningens första verksamhetsår i kommundelen Jordbro i Haninge. Storstadssatsningen är en nationell satsning för att bekämpa segregationsproblemet, som under 1990-talet förstärktes framför allt i storstäderna. Samtidigt är den en huvudsakligen kommunalt organiserad verksamhet med särskild statlig delfinansiering. Haninge är en av de sju kommuner som tecknade avtal med staten om att bryta segregationen. 126 miljoner kronor tilldelades kommunen att använda i olika riktade insatser i Jordbro under en treårsperiod (med tillåtelse att användas under en femårsperiod). Insatserna skulle uppfylla de centrala målen: bryta segregationen och öka tillväxten. Rapporten kartlägger det mönster som har formats av aktörerna i Jordbro vad gäller utformningen av den lokala strategin, uppbyggnaden av organisationen och förankringen av de uppsatta målen bland tjänstemän och invånare. Dessutom diskuteras särskilt de verksamhetsområden som har fått störst uppmärksamhet.

Studien, som är baserad på officiella dokument, statistiska uppgifter, enkätsvar, intervjuer med tjänstemän, brukare och politiker samt fältobservationer, visar att det råder stort samförstånd mellan olika led i den kommunala organisationen. Samförståndet avser både relationerna inom den samordningsgrupp som planerar och styr verksamheterna, och mellan denna enhet och den politiska ledningen. Längre ner i den kommunala organisationen finns en grupp inflytelserika eldsjälar som, vid sidan av insatsledarna och de föreningsaktiva, för brukarnas talan inför de ledande tjänstemännen. Även i detta led fungerar samarbetet, framför allt med Jordbroprocessen, som är den samordnande enheten för storstadssatsningen. Samförståndet kan delvis förklaras av den kontinuitet som har funnits i administrationen av olika typer av satsningar i Jordbro. Flertalet av de ledande personerna i Jordbroprocessen och bland eldsjälarna har ett förflutet i Jordbroprojektet, en satsning som föregick storstadssatsningen. Dessutom tycks det råda en ganska stark uppslutning bland politiska partier i Haninge kommun kring de lokala målen för Jordbro. Trots att underifrånperspektivet i Jordbro mest tar sig uttryck i eldsjälarnas och de lokala tjänstemännens tolkning och förmedling av allmänhetens önskemål, och inte i någon utpräglat systematisk medverkan nerifrån, finns det ändå en strävan bland de ansvariga i Jordbroprocessen att med riktade insatser nå konkreta resultat i integrationsprocessen.

Samförståndet har påverkat storstadssatsningen i Jordbro på minst två avgörande sätt. För det första har det underlättat för politikerna och tjänstemännen att komma överens om de lokala målen och om den profil insatserna i Jordbro skulle ha. För det andra har det underlättat för de operativa enheterna, med Samordningsgruppen i spetsen, att välja lämpliga insatser och att organisera verksamheten på ett effektivt och friktionsfritt sätt.

Storstadssatsningen i Jordbro satsar på verksamheter som har goda uppväxtvillkor för barn och ungdom som sitt främsta syfte. Dessa insatser erhåller den största andelen av storstadsmedlen, 43 procent. I denna grupp är språkinsatser den största posten. På andra plats kommer arbetsmarknadsområdet som får 25 procent av den totala summan, och på tredje plats hamnar folkhälsan med 18 procent. Bland dessa tre insatsgrupper har insatser för barn och ungdomar den längsta livslängden. Drygt en fjärdedel av dessa insatser startades redan under Jordbroprojektets dagar. Detta visar att dessa insatser under längre tid har varit prioriterade.

Insatserna för barn och ungdomar vänder sig till tre åldersgrupper. Det är tydligt att småbarnen är prioriterade; det finns flera resursstarka insatser för tidig språkutveckling i förskolan. För barn i grundskolan kompletteras språksatsningarna med kultur- och IT-satsningar, och för mellanstadieelever tillkommer fritidsverksamheter och andra stödåtgärder som underlättar ungdomarnas inträde i de vuxnas värld: demokratiprojekt, drogförebyggande åtgärder samt stöd för dem som hamnar i riskzon. Språk- och kulturinsatser syftar till att utveckla målgruppernas kunskapstillägnande och sociala integration. Därför är de riktade till alla skolor och inte enbart till dem som har en hög andel elever med invandrarbakgrund.

På arbetsmarknadsområdet riktades insatserna under det första året mot framför allt två grupper. Kompetensverkstaden, en lokal arbetsförmedling med en övergripande samordningsroll för ett antal verksamheter, riktar sig främst till dem som av olika skäl har varit utanför den ordinarie arbetsmarknaden en längre tid. Bland insatserna som ingår i kompetensverkstaden märks Grundstenen, som är språkutbildning på ett otraditionellt sätt, och Jobbspåret, som syftar till att ge handledning till dem som på grund av språksvårigheter saknar sysselsättning. Den andra insatstypen är riktad till lågutbildade medelålders invandrare, med ganska dåliga språkkunskaper. Jordbros frestelse och Arbetslag 21 är två projekt av denna typen. Trots ansträngningar för att få dessa insatser att bli självförsörjande, tycks det som om de på ett eller annat sätt alltid kommer att behöva någon form av statligt eller kommunalt stöd.

Funktionärerna inom storstadssatsningen i Jordbro betraktar flertalet av arbetsmarknadsinsatserna även som folkhälsoinsatser. Bristande tillfredsställelse med tillvaron i, eller utanför, arbetslivet ses som en viktig orsak till dålig hälsa, och långtidsarbetslöshet är den viktigaste källan till bristande tillfredsställelse. Denna grundinställning tycks motivera de flesta av arbetsmarknadsåtgärderna i Jordbro. Insatserna för bättre folkhälsa riktas också till hemmen. Familjer som har interna problem eller riskerar att hamna i kris är en viktig målgrupp. En del insatser, t.ex. Vem ser barnen?, avser att stödja barnen i konfliktfamiljer. Andra insatser syftar till att underlätta för familjer som behöver stöd. Familjecentralen är en sådan verksamhet, och fyller flera funktioner samtidigt. Den är en traditionell central, med barna- och mödravård, men rymmer också annan service, som en öppen förskola där familjer med nyfödda barn kan träffa varandra.

De som medverkar i insatserna i Jordbro är benägna att lyfta fram metodutveckling och samverkan som två viktiga mål/arbetssätt. Det faktum att var tredje insats påbörjades under Jordbroprojektets tid och att hälften av insatserna är finansierade för en relativt lång period (tre år eller längre) tyder på att insatserna ses som processer och inte som projekt. De som fattat beslut om och leder verksamheten vill ge insatserna den tid de behöver för de idéer som ligger bakom dem ska utvecklas.

Vad gäller samverkan framgår av svaren i frågeformulären att det har förekommit ett omfattande samarbete mellan framför allt andra kommunala enheter i Haninge och storstadssatsningens olika verksamheter. Dels har de kommunala enheterna det formella ansvaret för en stor majoritet av insatserna, dels agerar de som samarbetspartners. Bland kommunala enheter är förvaltningar den i särklass vanligaste typen av samarbetspartner följda av skolorna. Endast fem insatser har landstinget som formellt ansvarig. Föreningar innehar i mindre omfattning formellt ansvar för insatserna, men de är desto mer populära som samarbetspartners.

Medan storstadssatsningen är i sitt andra verksamhetsår är diskussionerna i Haninge om möjligheten att införliva de mest lyckade insatserna i ordinarie kommunal verksamhet redan igång. Detta införlivande, som bland tjänstemän och politiker i Haninge kallas invecklingsprocessen, kräver bl.a. en ny, långsiktig finansieringsform. Dessutom innebär invecklingsprocessen även nya former för organisation och styrning, i de fall det rör sig om verksamheter som utmärks av en hög grad av samverkan mellan olika kommunala och statliga organ. I nästa utvärderingsrapport är det därför angeläget att problematisera denna process, som berör alla insatser som har som mål att ingå i kommunens ordinarie verksamhet.

After the recent election in Sweden in 2010, the racist party the Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna) has entered the national parliament. The post-election discussions as well as the academic analyses tend to explain this new presence of a racist party in the Swedish parliament as a reflection of a feeling of dissatisfaction among certain voter segments without taking into account any analysis of issues of race and whiteness. At the same time, an explosive eruption of official antiracism has taken place among the elites and within the Swedish establishment. This chapter argues that Sweden is at the moment subjected to the double-binding power of Swedish whiteness in the sense that the passing of ‘old Sweden’, that is Sweden as a homogeneous society, and of ‘good Sweden,’ that is Sweden as a progressive society, are both perceived to be threatened by the presence of non-white migrants and their descendants. In the end according to this critical race and whiteness studies analysis of the state of contemporary Sweden, both the reactionary and racist camp and the progressive and antiracist camp are mourning the crisis of this double-edged Swedish whiteness. This chapter offers an analysis of how white privileges can be maintained in a country like Sweden, in which progressive social policies, gender equality and official antiracism are otherwise hegemonic.

This study aims to examine how the students ethnic background affects them in their social relationships at school. The main research questions in this study have been: 

• How does the ethnic background of students affect there social relationships with their friends at school?
• How does the identity creates and develop in the context of social relationships?
•  What significance does the language that is spoken hold in the social relationships of the children

The main research questions have been investigated based on the students perspective, where the two main methods were individual interviews and observation on the schoolyard during recess. The interviews and observations where carried out at eight informants with three different ethnic backgrounds. The three ethnic backgrounds were Swedish, Somali, and Syrian.           

The results of the study showed in the interviews that no one of the informants differentiated themselves from their friends who came from different ethnic backgrounds from which they did, they did not categorize themselves based upon their ethnicity. However, worth emphasizing is that the observations showed that what the students said in the interviews was not always, what happened in practice. The conclusion of this study is that ethnicity does not affect the students when choosing their friends, at least not in the same proportion as language does. In addition, the choice of friends was more affected by the residential area, which the informants lived in, more so than by their ethnic background. 

Opportunities to travel and move between the national borders in the world are increasing. Swedes who buy second-homes in Costa del Sol are looking for a better climate, cheaper living costs and spend up to several months at a time in Spain. Previous research shows that problems linked to defining one’s own identity occur when individuals continuously travel between homes in different countries, which is also partly dependent on the treatment that they receive as Swedes abroad. This study aims to investigate how Swedish individuals’ identity is affected by owning a second-home in Spain. Through interviews with eight seniors, the phenomenon of identity, linked to owning a home abroad, was investigated. The empirical material was analyzed using thematic analysis and compared with previous research. Social identity theory and place identity are two important factors and theories that are used in this study. They stand as crucial premises when discussing the studies of people's perceived identity. The results of this study show that Swedes generally do not identify themselves as locals in Costa del Sol. Simultaneously, many feel a strong sense of belonging and consider their home in Spain to be as much "at home" as the home they reside in Sweden. As for perception by the local inhabitants, all respondents state that they are mainly met with kindness, although a few occasions are mentioned when they have experienced particular xenophobia against international second-home owners in Spain as a community. For further research, the authors propose a study of younger generation second-home owners, as well as a deeper qualitative study of the connection between place affiliation and the feeling of “feeling at home” among Swedish homeowners abroad. Furthermore, studies of other destinations in Spain would be of interest, together with jurisprudence in Spain as a factor for choosing Spain as a second-home country.

Migration is simply the action or process of changing one’s place of residence permanently or temporarily. Migration can be voluntary or involuntary, though as some scholars would like to argue, very few people would take the risk of leaving their countries, homes, and communities and migrate to unknown places without being forced to do so by circumstances that are often beyond their control. Often the thin line between migration that is motivated by a sense of adventure and the search for greener pastures is blurred.

Newly arrived refugees and asylum seekers constitute a vulnerable population in terms of health and social conditions due to lived trauma and experiences of loss, as well as factors in the host country such as not speaking the language, not having employment and social exclusion. Studies have shown that many newly arrived refugees find it difficult to establish a sustainable position in the host country’s labour market due to a lack of connections, low levels of education and politi-cal, social and cultural barriers. The Swedish Public Employment Service runs an establishment programme aimed at helping newly arrived refugees to find employment quickly and manage their own livelihoods. In this study, we analyse the administrator support document used by Swedish Public Employment Service case workers in their work with the programme to explore whether and how it considers the participants’ mental health and conditions for social participation. The results show that despite newly arrived refugees being especially vulnerable in terms of mental health, little attention is paid to these aspects, the possible effects they may have on the programme, the participants’ integration into the labour market and Swedish society as a whole.

While infrastructures of media and of migration currently converge in specific ways, in this commentary, we consider how these infrastructures always reflect distinctive moments in media history, as well as in migration history. An archaeological approach to infrastructure posits that media infrastructures do not spring into action fully formed, and neither is there ever a moment when they would be fully formed. We propose the perspective of deep time of infrastructures as a way of opening up unresolved questions about what critical researchers can and should do with historically-informed inquiry of media technologies across migration contexts. We specifically operationalize the deep time of media and migration infrastructures by addressing the three dimensions of: (1) materialities; (2) practices; and (3) imaginaries.