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Att fostra journalister : Journalistutbildningens formering i Sverige 1944 -1970
Södertörn University, School of Culture and Communication, History of ideas. Stockholms universitet.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5236-6280
2011 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The thesis analyses the interaction between various interests in Swedish society when the existing apprenticeship system for the journalism profession was to be replaced by a formal journalism education programme. The press organisations had a difficult time agreeing on a programme, and the issue was discussed for over 50 years. The profession was seen as a talent, an aptitude that some people had, and there was opposition to formal education. The first part analyses discussions about journalism education in a post-war context, both in Sweden and internationally. Part two considers extensive investigatory processes in Sweden, in which the structure of journalism programmes was arrived at through negotiations. The third part studies the development of and discussions about the newly founded national journalism schools. The thesis demonstrates that journalism education was often presented as a solution to other perceived problems than the press needing more professionally trained labour. Journalism education was proposed as a solution to problems associated with commercialisation, sensational journalism, politicised journalism and war propaganda. The question of influencing the shaping of opinion both in Sweden and internationally was linked to journalism education to the extent that education was seen as a method of affecting the way the "free" press worked. For the same reason, the education of journalists was sometimes considered dangerous, that journalism students were streamlined in a separate education programme based on homogeneous values, which could be a threat to the freedom of expression.Using Bourdieu, the difficult relationship between the journalistic field and the academic field on education is interpreted as a struggle between two forms of capital over which kind of knowledge is to be valued. On a higher level, the struggle between academe and the press was formulated as a battle of symbolic royalty over what values were to be regarded as true in public discourse.

Abstract [sv]

Avhandlingen analyserar spelet mellan olika intressen i det svenska samhället när den tidigare lärlingsvägen till journalistyrket skulle ersättas av en formaliserad journalistutbildning. I Sverige hade pressens organisationer svårt att enas om en utbildning och frågan diskuterades i över 50 år. Yrket sågs som en talang, en förmåga som vissa människor hade och det fanns ett motstånd mot en formaliserad utbildning. Den första delen av avhandlingen analyserar diskussionerna om en journalistutbildning ur en efterkrigskontext, såväl i Sverige som internationellt. Del två behandlar utredningsprocesser i Sverige när journalistutbildningens form förhandlades fram. Den tredje delen beskriver utvecklingen av och diskussionerna om de nystartade statliga journalistinstituten.

Avhandlingen visar att utbildning av journalister ofta presenterades som en lösning på andra upplevda problem än att pressen behövde mer yrkesutbildad arbetskraft. En journalistutbildning föreslogs som en lösning på problem förknippade med kommersialisering och sensationsjournalistik, politiserad journalistik och krigspropaganda. Frågan om inflytande över opinionsbildningen i såväl Sverige som internationellt är kopplad till utbildning av journalister så till vida att utbildning sågs som en metod att påverka den ”fria” pressens funktionssätt. Av samma skäl ansågs en utbildning av journalister ibland som farlig, att journalisteleverna strömlinjeformades i en särskild utbildning efter enhetliga värderingar, vilket ansågs vara ett hot mot yttrandefriheten.

Med hjälp av Bourdieu tolkas den problematiska relationen mellan pressens fält och det akademiska fältet över utbildningen som en strid mellan två olika kapitalformer för vilken kunskap som ska värderas – en strid som utspelades när betyg och formella examina mötte en erfarenhetsbaserad självbildande tradition. På ett högre plan formuleras striden mellan akademi och press som en kamp om ett symboliskt herravälde över vilka värden som ska gälla för sanna i det offentliga samtalet.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Göteborg: Daidalos, 2011. , p. 296
Series
Skeptronserien
Keywords [en]
journalism education, journalism training
Keywords [sv]
journalistutbildning
National Category
History of Ideas
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-21243ISBN: 978-91-7173-351-1 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:sh-21243DiVA, id: diva2:686078
Public defence
2011-10-14, MA 624, Södertörn högskola, Alfred Nobels allé 7, Huddinge, 13:18 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2014-01-22 Created: 2014-01-10 Last updated: 2021-06-08Bibliographically approved

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Gardeström, Elin

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Citation style
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