The aim of the study is to examine the teachers’ working methods for reading and writing development among adult learners who are at the beginning of their literacy development, as the methods for reading and writing development can vary depending on research, activities and teachers.

Semi-structured interviews and observations are used to answer the research questions, and the data that emerges is processed with a thematic analysis method. The results show that repetition and support, both by teachers as well as students, are integrated parts of study path 1. According to the findings, study part 1’s primary goal is to help students become functionally literate, which calls for a basic understanding of reading and writing. At the same time, methods for reading and writing development such as the sound method, the Witting method, the whole word method and visual support (which is compared to the Bornholm model in this study) are useful for the study path’s goal.

Following this, the results based on the research methodologies are compared to the theoretical foundations and the prior research before being further analyzed from a critical perspective.

In conclusion, it is possible to notice a degree of agreement amongst the interviewed teachers and how their methods and strategies are practiced during the observations with the aim of enhancing the reading and writing development among adult learners who are at the beginning of their literacy development. Song and imagery are employed as a tool to contextualize the sounds and the new words, whereas the sound method, the Witting method and the whole word method are recurring and more well-established techniques.