This entry is based on data from recent reports regarding the infrastructure, traditions, stakeholders, and so on in the field of media literacy and media education in Sweden, with focus on the K-12 (primary and secondary) system. It also describes a tension in terminology and orientation between media and information literacy (MIL) with its underlying tradition of Bildung and civic engagement, and digital competence, colored by presentism, with its more technology centered, instrumental view on media and education.