This chapter analyses how the memory of the war-time nationalist movement represented by the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) and its military arm the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) was used in the Ukraine during the most turbulent moments of its recent history, the Orange Revolution in 2004 and the Euromaidan in 2013/2014. It shows how in 2004 the memory of the OUN and UPA was used with propaganda intent in the election campaign which resulted in fraud, and consequently led to mass protests. During the Euromaidan, the memory of these organizations was used primarily as a symbol of radicalism and revolution. Furthermore, it is argued that constant insecurity about the end of the ‘struggle for independence,’ i.e. fear that independence can be lost again, strengthened adherence to the heroic memory of OUN and UPA for both the political right and the political center. In this way, the heroic memory of the OUN and UPA presented a means to existential security. In this usage, this memory is full of ‘factual’ drawbacks as it neglects, ignores, and circumvents historical evidence about the atrocities committed by the OUN and UPA.