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Dilemas e desafios na construção do Estado plurinacional: Territorialidade, Indigeneidade e Diálogo Deliberativo Intercultural no Equador
Södertörn University, School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Environmental Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2581-2588
Stockholm universitet. (Institute of Latin American studies)
2017 (Portuguese)In: Revista MovimentAção, E-ISSN 2358-9205, Vol. 4, no 6, p. 178-202Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [pt]

Existem diferentes interpretações e posturas sobre a plurinacionalidade e a interculturalidade dos atores indígenas. Problematizar-se-á como se expressam essas posições internamente, dentro da organização, e como se expressam externamente. Refere-se a este segundo processo externo como o diálogo deliberativo intercultural. O objetivo principal do presente texto é analiticamente problematizar os desafios e dilemas associados ao projeto de Estado Plurinacional a partir da perspectiva dos povos indígenas. Na estrutura teórica se destacam as contribuições sobre democracia deliberativa em sociedades divididas e/ou multiétnicas. A pergunta investigativa principal é: Como se refletem as complexidades do processo de implementação do Estado Plurinacional e Intercultural nos discursos dos atores envolvidos? O projeto plurinacional se inseriu contextualmente em uma relação complexa entre a territorialidade e a autoidentificação étnica. Enfatizamos a centralidade da territorialidade na indigeneidade e como estratégia nos processos organizativos e discursivos das organizações indígenas. Nessas disputas discursivas sobre a territorialidade, diferentes grupos indígenas se posicionam segundo sua relação histórica com a sociedade branco-mestiça. De tal maneira se constroem temporalidades diferentes desde a territorialidade. Metodologicamente, além da leitura crítica da literatura existente sobre o tema central do estudo, a presente investigação tem como base o trabalho etnográfico no Equador no qual se realizaram centenas de entrevistas entre 2001 e 2016 com políticos, intelectuais e porta-vozes das organizações indígenas. 

Abstract [en]

With the promulgation of the 2008 Constitution, Ecuador is formally a Plurinational and Intercultural State, the result of a process that had gained increasing societal legitimacy after decades of struggle by the indigenous peoples. After 2008, a central challenge for the indigenous organizations concerns the implementation of the principles and values of the Plurinational State. Different positions and interpretations are expressed among indigenous political actors. We problematize how they are expressed inwards, that is within the organization, and outwards, towards the surrounding political society. We refer to the second process as the intercultural deliberative dialogue. The main objective of the text is to analytically problematize the challenges and dilemmas associated with the Plurinational State project from the perspectives of the indigenous peoples. The theoretical framework draws on the literature on deliberative democracy in divided and/or multiethnic societies. The principal research question is: How are the complexities of implementing the Plurinational State reflected in the discourses of the actors involved? The plurinational project was contextually inserted in a complex relationship between territoriality and ethnic self-identification. We emphasize the centrality of territoriality for indigeneity and as an organizational and discursive strategy of the indigenous organizations. In discursive disputes about territoriality, different indigenous groups position themselves according to their historical relationship with the white-mestizo society. In this light, different temporalities of territoriality are constructed. This research is based on critical reading of the thematic literature and ethnographic work in Ecuador, including hundreds of interviews between 2001 and 2018 with politicians, intellectuals, and spokespersons of the indigenous organizations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Dourados: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados , 2017. Vol. 4, no 6, p. 178-202
Keywords [en]
Development studies, Plurinationality-interculturality, Deliberative democracy, Indigeneity-territoriality
Keywords [pt]
Plurinacionalidade-Interculturalidade, Democracia deliberativa, Indigeneidade-territorialidade.
National Category
Political Science Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Environmental Studies
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-37827OAI: oai:DiVA.org:sh-37827DiVA, id: diva2:1293968
Note

Published in February 2019.

Available from: 2019-03-06 Created: 2019-03-06 Last updated: 2020-04-02Bibliographically approved

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