The purpose with this study has been to study constructions of traditional gender norms and gender roles that appear during interactions between the children as well as between the children and the teachers in preschool. The study is based on two central questions, which are: How to construct and repeat traditional gender differences and stereotype expectations in the pedagogues' speech, actions and interactions with the children, as well as how to construct and repeat traditional gender differences and stereotype expectations in the children's speech, actions and interactions with each other. Observation is the main research method for this study. We have made observations in two different preschools. One is a municipal preschool located in an ethnically diverse area and the other is privately owned and located in a more ethnically homogeneous area. To analyze and get a deeper understanding of the collective material and the knowledge gathered from the observations, the socio-cultural perspective and the social constructivist perspective as well as central concepts around gender, masculinity and norms have been used. Previous research in this field has been used to put the study into perspective and discuss the results. The results of this study show that traditional gender differences are maintained and strengthened, but also counteracted and transformed in the interaction of children and teachers and in the interaction of children with each other at these two preschools. This happens in both children's and teachers' actions, ways to talk and use the language with different gendered words, but also in children's relation to the materials and environment in preschool. The results show it is more acceptable that girls tend to counteract and transform traditional gender differences than boys. The teachers counteract and transform traditional gender differences more with girls than with boys. The study shows that it is most often girls who counteract and transform traditional gender differences in preschool. The masculine is not always over the feminine in all situations. Hegemony and dominance are created in special situations. In some situations, the feminine is over the masculine. Role-playing is a situation that can be seen as a girls`arena, where the girls have the power and dominance over the boys.