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Biased attributions regarding the origins of preferences in a group decision situation
Stockholm University.
2010 (English)In: European Journal of Social Psychology, ISSN 0046-2772, E-ISSN 1099-0992, Vol. 40, no 2, p. 270-281Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The current research investigated biases in attributions of the origins of others’ preferences in a group decision situation. In two experiments, students indicated their preferred alternative in a decision on an important issue in their school, and then explained the bases for preferences of those agreeing and disagreeing with them. Results showed that participants saw preferences of those who agreed as more rationally and less externally based than of those who disagreed. This effect increased with perceived issue importance, when the decision was made by in-group representatives, when the decision outcome was concordant with their own preference (Study 1), and, on the externality dimension, when their representatives were in the majority when deciding on an important issue (Study 2). Findings have important implications for our understanding of the tolerance of others and acceptance of group decisions, and ultimately, how group members behave and interact.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2010. Vol. 40, no 2, p. 270-281
Keywords [en]
attributional bias, group decision-making, issue importance
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-13409DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.618ISI: 000275405600007Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-77955569155OAI: oai:DiVA.org:sh-13409DiVA, id: diva2:457941
Available from: 2010-12-01 Created: 2011-11-21 Last updated: 2020-03-30Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Social and cognitive biases in large group decision settings
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Social and cognitive biases in large group decision settings
2011 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The present thesis consists of three studies on the effects of group membership in large group decisions. The overall aim was to contribute to understanding how individuals react when decisions are made in large groups. We explored consequences of procedural justice concerns within such groups. In Study I we investigated how different decision procedures and issue importance affect perceptions of others who agree and disagree with the individual on a potentially important issue.  Individuals attributed more positive reasons for attitudes of those who agree as opposed to disagree with themselves, whereas disagreers were attributed more negative reasons. The asymmetry was moderated by decision form, and issue importance. The attitudes concerned attitudes towards potential new policies. In Study II we investigated differences in participants’ perceptions of others depending on own position towards the new policy. Challengers of the status quo advocating a change in the existing policy, were more biased when judging others than were defenders of the status quo. This suggests that challengers are less tolerant of defenders’ point of view. This effect was not affected by perceptions of minority status among the challengers. In Study III we looked at individual group members’ cognitive restructuring of a preferred decision alternative, and how it differs between decision conditions when the decision-maker is affiliated to own ingroup or not. Results showed that individuals restructure the attractiveness of their preferred alternative in group decisions similarly to what has been previously found in individual decision-making. The magnitude of restructuring was greatest when ingroup members decided for the group. However, this effect was moderated by identification with the ingroup, such that those who identified themselves with the ingroup restructured their preferred alternative more when ingroup members decided as opposed to when outgroup authorities decided.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 2011. p. 65
Keywords
large group decision-making, social identity, procedural justice, intergroup biases, attitudes, status quo position, cognitive restructuring, post-decision consolidation
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-13411 (URN)978-91-7447-320-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
(English)
Note
At the time of doctoral defense, paper 2 was submitted.Available from: 2011-11-21 Created: 2011-11-21 Last updated: 2011-11-21Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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  • apa
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  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • harvard-anglia-ruskin-university
  • apa-old-doi-prefix.csl
  • sodertorns-hogskola-harvard.csl
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  • Other style
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  • de-DE
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