After a brief review of the origins of research on Media Pedagogy, the author reflects on the meaning of the mass media in the learning process and their role in a society with vast access to information, in a period in which the latest technologies of information and communication (TIC) pose new challenges for research. The new cultures of communication provide new knowledge to society both in reference to technical and cultural aspects. Access to nove ltechniques, knowledge and competences constitutes a civil right, since it allows individuals to participate actively in the process of social development. The current paper discusses the responsibility the Educational System bears in the incorporation of media education and pedagogy, both in Teacher Education Programs and the Educational System in general. Innovations in the field of communications entail transformations in the role of the school and the responsibilityof incorporating technical and cultural contents essential to face these changes. This work interrelates the concepts of learning and teaching, critical media literacy, digital competence and intercultural pedagogy to results of studies on the introduction of media pedagogy in the classroom.