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Porseryd, T., Larsson, J., Lindman, J., Malmström, E., Smolarz, K., Grahn, M. & Dinnétz, P. (2024). Effects on food intake of Gammarus spp. after exposure to PFBA in very low concentrations. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 202, Article ID 116369.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effects on food intake of Gammarus spp. after exposure to PFBA in very low concentrations
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2024 (English)In: Marine Pollution Bulletin, ISSN 0025-326X, E-ISSN 1879-3363, Vol. 202, article id 116369Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of thousands of highly persistent anthropogenic chemicals widely used in many industries. Therefore, they are, ubiquitously present in various types of environments. Despite their omnipresence, ecotoxicological studies of most PFAS are scarce, and those available often assess the effects of long chain PFAS. In this study, we present the results of an exposure experiment in which wild aquatic amphipod Gammarus spp. was exposed to the short chain perfluorinated substance perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) at very low and environmentally relevant concentrations of 0, 10 and 100 ng/L. The exposure lasted for 12 days, and food intake and non-reproductive behavior were analyzed. Exposure to 10 and 100 ng/L PFBA resulted in a lower consumption of food during exposure but no effect on behavior was found. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2024
Keywords
Aquatic environment, Behavioral, Feeding, Gammarids, PFAS, PFBA, Pollution, Anthropogenic chemicals, Aquatic environments, Ecotoxicological study, Food intake, Gammarid, Gammarus, Low concentrations, Perfluorobutanoic acid, Polyfluoroalkyl substances
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-53914 (URN)10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116369 (DOI)38640762 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85190529991 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2024-04-24 Created: 2024-04-24 Last updated: 2024-09-13Bibliographically approved
Ferngren, G., Yu, D., Unalan-Altintop, T., Dinnétz, P. & Özenci, V. (2024). Epidemiological patterns of candidaemia: A comprehensive analysis over a decade. Mycoses, 67(5), e13729, Article ID e13729.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Epidemiological patterns of candidaemia: A comprehensive analysis over a decade
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2024 (English)In: Mycoses, ISSN 0933-7407, E-ISSN 1439-0507, Vol. 67, no 5, p. e13729-, article id e13729Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of fungal bloodstream infections (BSI), especially candidaemia, has been increasing globally during the last decades. Fungal diagnosis is still challenging due to the slow growth of fungal microorganisms and need for special expertise. Fungal polymicrobial infections further complicate the diagnosis and extend the time required. Epidemiological data are vital to generate effective empirical treatment strategies.

OBJECTIVES: The overall aim of this project is to describe the epidemiology of monomicrobial candidaemia and polymicrobial BSI, both with mixed fungaemia and with mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs.

METHODS: We conducted a single-centre retrospective epidemiological study that encompasses 950,161 blood cultures during the years 2010 to 2020. The epidemiology of monomicrobial and polymicrobial candidaemia episodes were investigated from the electronic records.

RESULTS: We found that 1334 candidaemia episodes were identified belonging to 1144 individual patients during 2010 to 2020. Candida albicans was the most prevalent species detected in candidaemia patients, representing 57.7% of these episodes. Nakaseomyces (Candida) glabrata and Candida parapsilosis complex showed an increasing trend compared to previous studies, whereas Candida albicans demonstrated a decrease. 19.8% of these episodes were polymicrobial and 17% presented with mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs while 2.8% were mixed fungaemia. C. albicans and N. glabrata were the most common combination (51.4%) in mixed fungaemia episodes. Enterococcus and Lactobacillus spp. were the most common bacteria isolated in mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs.

CONCLUSIONS: Polymicrobial growth with candidaemia is common, mostly being mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs. C. albicans was detected in more than half of all the candidaemia patients however showed a decreasing trend in time, whereas an increase is noteworthy in C. parapsilosis complex and N. glabrata.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2024
Keywords
blood cultures, candidaemia, epidemiology, polymicrobial, sepsis
National Category
Infectious Medicine
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-53929 (URN)10.1111/myc.13729 (DOI)001209366000001 ()38682399 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85191705511 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2024-04-30 Created: 2024-04-30 Last updated: 2024-05-13Bibliographically approved
Kumblad, L., Petersson, M., Aronsson, H., Dinnétz, P., Norberg, L., Winqvist, C., . . . Hammer, M. (2024). Managing multi-functional peri-urban landscapes: Impacts of horse-keeping on water quality. Ambio, 53, 452-469
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Managing multi-functional peri-urban landscapes: Impacts of horse-keeping on water quality
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2024 (English)In: Ambio, ISSN 0044-7447, E-ISSN 1654-7209, Vol. 53, p. 452-469Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Eutrophication assessments in water management to quantify nutrient loads and identify mitigating measures seldom include the contribution from horse facilities. This may be due to lack of appropriate methods, limited resources, or the belief that the impact from horses is insignificant. However, the recreational horse sector is growing, predominantly in multi-functional peri-urban landscapes. We applied an ecosystem management approach to quantify nutrient loads from horse facilities in the Stockholm Region, Sweden. We found that horses increased the total loads with 30-40% P and 20-45% N, with average area-specific loads of 1.2 kg P and 7.6 kg N ha-1 year-1. Identified local risk factors included manure management practices, trampling severity, soil condition and closeness to water. Comparisons of assessment methods showed that literature standard values of area-specific loads and water runoff may be sufficient at the catchment level, but in small and more complex catchments, measurements and local knowledge are needed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer, 2024
Keywords
Eutrophication, Land use modelling, Local measures, Nutrient load assessment, Water runoff modelling
National Category
Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-52748 (URN)10.1007/s13280-023-01955-9 (DOI)001101389700002 ()37973703 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85176806359 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas
Note

This study was enabled by the financial support from the foundation Thureus Forskarhem och Naturminne, BalticSea2020, BalticWaters and Formas.

Available from: 2023-11-21 Created: 2023-11-21 Last updated: 2024-02-06Bibliographically approved
Porseryd, T., Volkova Hellström, K. & Dinnétz, P. (2024). Pesticide residues in ornamental plants marketed as bee friendly: Levels in flowers, leaves, roots and soil. Environmental Pollution, 345, Article ID 123466.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Pesticide residues in ornamental plants marketed as bee friendly: Levels in flowers, leaves, roots and soil
2024 (English)In: Environmental Pollution, ISSN 0269-7491, E-ISSN 1873-6424, Vol. 345, article id 123466Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Ornamental plants rich in pollen and nectar are often marketed as “pollinator-friendly” by flower retailers. However, even though the plants are attractive from a foraging perspective, i.e pollen and nectar rich, bees and other pollinating insects could be at risk from exposure of pesticide residues on the plants or from pesticide used during production. Pesticides used in ornamental plant production could lead to environmental emissions both during cultivation, at retailer displays and when planted in gardens by the consumers. This study aims to investigate what pesticides that are used in the production of perennial ornamental plants sold in Sweden and if the residues could pose a risk for wild pollinators. We analyze an array of 536 pesticides in whole flowers, leaves, roots and soil of 54 individual (46 had flowers) perennial plants specifically marketed as “bee friendly”. In addition, seeds from 65 seed bags were analyzed for the same pesticides. Our result show for the first time the distribution of pesticide residues between flowers, leaves, roots and soils of ornamental plants. We also show that all ornamental plants analyzed contained at least one pesticide, and that some samples contained up to 19 different substances.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2024
Keywords
Pesticides, Ornamental flowers, Environmental exposure, Bee friendly, Non-target organisms, Floriculture
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-53468 (URN)10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123466 (DOI)001179629400001 ()38295928 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85183970562 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2024-02-06 Created: 2024-02-06 Last updated: 2024-04-05Bibliographically approved
Janzén, T., Choudhury, F., Hammer, M., Petersson, M. & Dinnétz, P. (2024). Ticks: public health risks in urban green spaces. BMC Public Health, 24(1), Article ID 1031.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ticks: public health risks in urban green spaces
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2024 (English)In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 24, no 1, article id 1031Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Urban green spaces are important for human health, but they may expose visitors to tick-borne diseases. This not only presents a potential public health challenge but also undermines the expected public health gains from urban green spaces. The aim of this study is to assess the public health risk of tick-borne diseases in an urban green space used for recreation in Stockholm, Sweden.

Methods: We used a mixed method approach identifying both the magnitude of the tick hazard and the extent of the human exposure to tick-borne diseases. At six entry points to an urban green space, we sampled ticks and documented microhabitat conditions from five randomly assigned 2 m × 2 m plots. Surrounding habitat data was analyzed using geographical information system (GIS). Nymphs and adult ticks were tested for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum using TaqMan qPCR. Positive B. burgdorferi (s.l.) ticks were further analyzed by nested PCR amplification and sequence analysis. Population census data and visitor count data were used to estimate the degree of human exposure to tick-borne diseases. To further understand the degree to which visitors get in contact with infected ticks we also conducted interviews with visitors to green spaces.

Results: High tick densities were commonly found in humid broadleaved forest with low field vegetation. High pathogen prevalence was significantly correlated with increasing proportions of artificial areas. Integrating the tick hazard with human exposure we found that the public health risk of tick-borne diseases was moderate to high at most of the studied entry points. Many of the visitors frequently used urban green spaces. Walking was the most common activity, but visitors also engaged in activities with higher risk for tick encounters. Individual protective measures were connected to specific recreational activities such as picking berries or mushrooms.

Conclusions: The number of visitors can be combined with tick inventory data and molecular analyses of pathogen prevalence to make crude estimations of the public health risk of tick-borne diseases in urban green spaces. The risk of encountering infected ticks is omnipresent during recreational activities in urban green spaces, highlighting the need for public health campaigns to reduce the risk of tick-borne diseases.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2024
Keywords
Ixodes persulcatus, Ixodes ricinus, Exposure, Habitat; Hazard, Human activity, Microhabitat, Recreation, Tick-borne diseases
National Category
Biological Sciences
Research subject
Environmental Studies; Baltic and East European studies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-53599 (URN)10.1186/s12889-024-18540-8 (DOI)001201501900004 ()38614967 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85190373009 (Scopus ID)
Funder
The Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies, 52/12
Note

As manuscript in dissertation

Available from: 2024-02-27 Created: 2024-02-27 Last updated: 2024-09-25Bibliographically approved
Abdelgadir, M., Alharbi, R., AlRashidi, M., Alatawi, A. S., Sjöling, S. & Dinnétz, P. (2023). Distribution of denitrifiers predicted by correlative niche modeling of changing environmental conditions and future climatic scenarios across the Baltic Sea. Ecological Informatics, 78, Article ID 102346.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Distribution of denitrifiers predicted by correlative niche modeling of changing environmental conditions and future climatic scenarios across the Baltic Sea
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2023 (English)In: Ecological Informatics, ISSN 1574-9541, E-ISSN 1878-0512, Vol. 78, article id 102346Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Denitrifying microbial communities provide an important ecosystem function in aquatic systems. Yet, knowledge on predictive and modeling of these complex and changing communities is limited. The emergently challenging question of how the geographical distribution of denitrifiers responds to ongoing and future environmental change is not yet fully understood. In our study we use metadata-based correlative niche modeling to analyze the geographical distribution of selected putative denitrifiers in the genus Sphingomonas, Mycoplana, Shewanella, and Alteromonas at different predicted environmental conditions and future climatic scenarios across the Baltic Sea. Using the predictive power of an ensemble modeling approach and eight different machine-learning algorithms, habitat suitability and the distribution of the selected denitrifiers were evaluated using geophysical and bioclimatic variables, benthic conditions, and four Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) trajectories of future global warming scenarios. All algorithms provided successful prediction capabilities both for variable importance, and for habitat suitability with Area Under the Curve (AUC) values between 0.89 and 1.00. Model findings revealed that salinity and nitrate concentrations significantly explained the variation in distribution of the selected denitrifiers. Rising temperatures of 0.8 to 1.8 °C at future RCP60–2050 trajectories are predicted to diminish or eliminate the bioclimatic suitable habitats for denitrifier distributions across the Baltic Sea. Multi-collated terrestrial and marine environmental variables contributed to the successful prediction of denitrifier distributions within the study area. The correlative niche modeling approach with high AUC values presented in the study allowed for accurate projections of the future distributions of the selected denitrifiers. The modeling approach can be used to improve our understanding of how ongoing and predicted future environmental changes may affect habitat suitability for organisms with denitrification capacity across the Baltic Sea.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023
Keywords
Climate change, Benthic conditions, Ensemble modeling, Habitat suitability, Machine-learning, Multi-collated variables
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Environmental Studies; Baltic and East European studies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-52629 (URN)10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102346 (DOI)001109366700001 ()2-s2.0-85176443244 (Scopus ID)
Funder
The Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies, 77/2017
Available from: 2023-11-07 Created: 2023-11-07 Last updated: 2024-09-02Bibliographically approved
Janzén, T. (2023). Factors responsible for Ixodes ricinus presence and abundance across a natural-urban gradient. SND
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Factors responsible for Ixodes ricinus presence and abundance across a natural-urban gradient
2023 (English)Data set, Primary data
Abstract [en]

In 2017, ticks and field data were collected from 12 different sites in Stockholm County originally chosen as random controls for another study but was never used. In 2019, we collected ticks and field data at 35 randomly selected sites along the natural-urban gradient. To calculate and urbanization index, we used the proportion of artificial surfaces surrounding each site. All sampling sites were visited once with a total of 295 sampling plots inventoried for ticks and field data. For each sampling plot, we recorded date, time, temperature, weather conditions, number of ticks, vegetation height and tree stem density surrounding the inventory plot. To retrieve large landscape characteristics, we established 10 buffer zones ranging from 100m to 1000m around each sampling site in GIS using satellite land cover maps (retrieved from: https://www.naturvardsverket.se/verktyg-och-tjanster/kartor-och-karttjanster/nationella-marktackedata/ladda-ner-nationella-marktackedata/). These maps have a spatial resolution of 10m and include the following main categories 1) Forest and seminatural areas, 2) Open areas, 3) Arable land, 4) Wetlands, 5) Artificial surfaces and 6) Inland and marine water. These main categories are further divided into subcategories with detailed information regarding the different land cover classes. In the analyses, we used the main categories, with the exception of Forest and seminatural areas where we included eight individual forest types: Pine forest, Spruce forest, Mixed coniferous forest, Mixed forest, Broadleaved forest, Broadleaved hardwood forest, Broadleaved forest with hardwood forest and Temporarily non-forest. To calculate landscape configuration metrics at each sampling site, we used land cover data from the GIS buffers with a 1000m radius, exported to GeoTIFF format and analyzed them with FRAGSTATS version 4. For landscape heterogeneity we used Shannons’ diversity index (SHDI) and to measure the aggregation of landscape attributes we used Contagion (CONTAG). As measures of forest configuration, we used percent of forest cover (PLAND) and total forest edge length (TE). All statistical analyses were performed with R version 4.0.3. To analyze the effect of possible risk factors for tick abundance in different greenspaces across the natural-urban gradient, we used generalized linear mixed models assuming Poisson distributed residuals. As the data contained a larger proportion of zeros than would be expected according to a Poisson or a negative binomial distribution causing overdispersion, we fitted zero-inflated Poisson models using the package glmmTMB (generalized linear mixed models using Template Model Builder).

Abstract [sv]

För att förstå utbredningen av den vanliga fästingen Ixodes ricinus, undersökte vi hur både lokala faktorer och olika landskapsegenskaper påverkar förekomsten av fästingar i grönområden längs med urbaniseringsgradienten i Stockholms län, Sverige. Fästingar och fältdata samlades in under 2017 och 2019 och analyserades i relation till habitatdata och landskapsdata framtaget från geografiskt informationssystem (GIS). 2017 samlades fästingar och fältdata in från 12 olika platser i Stockholms län som ursprungligen hade valts som slumpmässiga kontroller till en annan studie men aldrig använts. 2019 samlades fästingar och fältdata in från 35 olika platser längs med urbaniseringsgradienten. Dessa 35 platser valdes slumpmässigt ut med hjälp av GIS. För att beräkna urbaniseringsgraden för varje plats, använde vi andelen exploaterad mark i en 1000m buffertzon. För de 12 första insamlingsplatserna under 2017 valde vi slumpmässigt ut 10 2m × 2m rutor för inventering av fästingar och fältdata. På de 35 platser som vi inventerade 2019, samlade vi in fästingar i 5 2m × 2m rutor. Vi besökte alla platser en gång och totalt inventerades 295 provtagningsrutor. För varje ruta noterade vi datum, tid, väderförhållande, antal fästingar, vegetationshöjd och trädstamstäthet runt varje ruta. För att ta fram landskapsdata skapades 10 buffertzoner från 100m till 1000m radies runt varje insamlingsplats i GIS tillsammans med Naturvårdverkets Nationella Marktäckedata. Dessa satellitkartor har en upplösning på 10m och har följande huvudkategorier 1) Skog, 2) Öppen mark, 3) Åkermark, 4) Öppen våtmark, 5) Exploaterad mark, och 6) Vatten. För att identifiera riskfaktorer valde vi att använda dessa huvudkategorier med undantag for kategorin Skog där vi valde att inkludera de åtta olika skogstyperna: Tallskog, Granskog, Barrblandskog, Lövblandad barrskog, Triviallövskog, Ädellövskog, Triviallövskog med ädellövsinslag och Temporärt ej skog. För att ta fram statistik och beräkna konfigurationen av landskapet runt varje insamlingsplats, använde vi marktäckedata från 1000m buffertzonen som exporterades till GeoTIFF-format och som sedan analyserades med FRAGSTATS version 4. Vi använde Shannons diversitetsindex (SHDI) för att uppskatta mångfalden av marktäcketyper runt varje insamlingsplats. För att mäta aggregeringen av de olika martäcketyperna i landskapet använde vi Contagion (CONTAG). Som ett mått på skogens konfiguration använde vi PLAND, som är proportionen av skog i landskapet och total edge (TE) som är den totala skogskantslängden. Alla statistiska analyser har gjorts med R, versionen 4.0.3. För att analysera effekterna av olika riskfaktorer på fästingförekomst i olika grönområden, använde vi generaliserade linjära mixade modeller med Poisson-fördelade residualer. Eftersom datasetet innehöll fler nollor än vad som förväntas enligt en Poisson eller negativ binomialfördelning som orsakar överdispersion, använde vi nollinflations-Poissonmodeller i paketet glmmTMB.

Place, publisher, year
SND, 2023
Keywords
Landscape ecology, Urbanisation, Habitats and biotopes, Species distribution, Ixodidae, Landscape ecology, Urbanisering, Naturtyper och biotoper, Arters utbredning, Fästingar
National Category
Environmental Sciences Ecology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-52237 (URN)10.5878/d3d7-1n16 (DOI)
Funder
The Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies, 52/2018
Available from: 2023-08-29 Created: 2023-08-29 Last updated: 2023-08-31Bibliographically approved
Janzén, T., Hammer, M., Petersson, M. & Dinnétz, P. (2023). Factors responsible for Ixodes ricinus presence and abundance across a natural-urban gradient. PLOS ONE, 18(5), Article ID e0285841.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Factors responsible for Ixodes ricinus presence and abundance across a natural-urban gradient
2023 (English)In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 18, no 5, article id e0285841Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

To better understand the spatial distribution of the common tick Ixodes ricinus, we investigated how local site factors and landscape characteristics influence tick presence and abundance in different greenspaces along the natural-urban gradient in Stockholm County, Sweden. Ticks and field data were collected in 2017 and 2019 and analyzed in relation to habitat type distributions estimated from land cover maps using geographical information system (GIS). A total of 1378 (992 larvae, 370 nymphs, 13 females, and 3 males) questing ticks were collected from 295 sampling plots in 47 different greenspaces. Ticks were present in 41 of the 47 greenspaces and our results show that both local site features such as vegetation height, and landscape characteristics like the amount of mixed coniferous forest, significantly affect tick abundance. Tick abundance was highest in rural areas with large natural and seminatural habitats, but ticks were also present in parks and gardens in highly urbanized areas. Greenspaces along the natural-urban gradient should be included in surveillance for ticks and tick-borne diseases, including highly urbanized sites that may be perceived by the public as areas with low risk for tick encounters.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2023
Keywords
Forests, Ricinus, Larvae, Nymphs, Urbanization, Ticks, Ixodes, Forest ecology
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Environmental Studies; Baltic and East European studies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-51517 (URN)10.1371/journal.pone.0285841 (DOI)000993290400020 ()37195993 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85159760656 (Scopus ID)
Funder
The Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies, 52/2018
Available from: 2023-05-23 Created: 2023-05-23 Last updated: 2024-02-27Bibliographically approved
Spets, P., Ebert, K. & Dinnétz, P. (2023). Spatial analysis of antimicrobial resistance in the environment. A systematic review. Geospatial Health, 18(1), Article ID 1168.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Spatial analysis of antimicrobial resistance in the environment. A systematic review
2023 (English)In: Geospatial Health, ISSN 1827-1987, Vol. 18, no 1, article id 1168Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global major health concern. Spatial analysis is considered an invaluable method in health studies. Therefore, we explored the usage of spatial analysis in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in studies on AMR in the environment. This systematic review is based on database searches, a content analysis, ranking of the included studies according to the preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluations (PROMETHEE) and estimation of data points per km2. Initial database searches resulted in 524 records after removal of duplicates. After the last stage of full text screening, 13 greatly heterogeneous articles with diverse study origins, methods and design remained. In the majority of studies, the data density was considerably less than one sampling site per km2 but exceeded 1,000 sites per km2 in one study. The results of the content analysis and ranking showed a variation between studies that primarily used spatial analysis and those that used spatial analysis as a sec ondary method. We identified two distinct groups of GIS methods. The first was focused on sample collection and laboratory testing, with GIS as supporting method. The second group used overlay analysis as the primary method to combine datasets in a map. In one case, both methods were combined. The low number of articles that met our inclusion criteria highlights a research gap. Based on the findings of this study we encourage application of GIS to its full potential in studies of AMR in the environment.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
PAGEPress Publications, 2023
National Category
Ecology
Research subject
Environmental Studies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-51576 (URN)10.4081/gh.2023.1168 (DOI)001000112600010 ()37246541 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85160819946 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2023-06-01 Created: 2023-06-01 Last updated: 2023-07-06Bibliographically approved
Moberg, C., Wolrath Söderberg, M., Sandberg, L., Lindblad, I., Sjöholm, C., Gullström, M., . . . Stedt, K. (2022). De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten: 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav. Aftonbladet (2022-12-07)
Open this publication in new window or tab >>De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten: 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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2022 (Swedish)In: Aftonbladet, no 2022-12-07, p. 2Article in journal, News item (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.)) Published
Abstract [sv]

Vi, 1 620 forskare samt lärare vid universitet och högskolor, är eniga med de unga bakom Auroramålet: De drabbas och riskerar att drabbas allvarligt av klimatkrisen under sin livstid. De klimatåtgärder vi vidtar i närtid avgör deras framtid. Sverige måste ta ansvar och göra sin rättvisa andel av det globala klimatarbetet. 

I strid med Parisavtalet ökar utsläppen av växthusgaser i en takt som gör att 1,5-gradersmålet kan överskridas om några år. De globala effekterna blir allt mer synliga med ständiga temperaturrekord, smältande isar, havshöjning och extremväder som torka, förödande bränder och skyfall med enorma översvämningar, som i Pakistan nyligen. Försörjningen av befolkningen utsätts för allvarliga hot i många länder.

Minskningen av den biologiska mångfalden är extrem. Klimatkrisen är enligt WHO det största hotet mot människors hälsa i hela världen och barn utgör en särskilt sårbar grupp. Med Sveriges nordliga läge sker uppvärmningen här dubbelt så fort som det globala genomsnittet. Det förskjuter utbredningsområden för växtlighet och sjukdomsbärande insekter och ökar förekomsten av extremväder såsom värmeböljor, skogsbränder och översvämningar samt av många olika sorters infektioner och allergier. När extremväder ökar, ökar även stressen och risken för mental ohälsa. Värmeböljor ökar risken för sjukdom och död hos sårbara grupper som äldre, små barn och personer med kroniska sjukdomar. De negativa effekterna på hälsan kommer att öka i takt med klimatkrisen och barn riskerar att drabbas av ackumulerade negativa hälsoeffekter under hela sina liv. Redan i dag är mer än hälften av unga mellan 12 och 18 år i Sverige ganska eller mycket oroliga för klimat och miljö. Detta är förståeligt när våra beslutsfattare inte gör vad som krävs.

Den juridiska och moraliska grunden för arbetet mot klimatförändringarna är att varje land måste göra sin rättvisa andel av det globala klimatarbetet. Centralt i det internationella klimatramverket är att rika länder med höga historiska utsläpp, däribland Sverige, måste gå före resten av världen. Dessa länder måste också bidra till att finansiera klimatomställningen i länderna i det Globala Syd, som är minst ansvariga för klimatkrisen men drabbas hårdast. Denna rättviseprincip är tydlig i Parisavtalet och var en het diskussionsfråga under COP27 i Sharm el-Sheikh, men lyser med sin frånvaro i det svenska klimatarbetet. 

Sverige har satt mål för att minska sina utsläpp. Men de är helt otillräckliga: minskningstakten är för låg och målen tillåter samtidigt att åtgärder skjuts på framtiden. Dessutom exkluderas merparten av Sveriges utsläpp från de svenska nationella utsläppsmålen; bland annat utelämnas utsläpp som svensk konsumtion orsakar utanför Sveriges gränser, utsläpp från utrikes transporter och utsläpp från markanvändning och skogsbruk, exempelvis utsläpp från förbränning av biobränslen eller utsläpp från dikade våtmarker (Prop. 2016/17:146 s.25-28).

Sverige saknar dessutom ett eget mål för att öka upptaget av växthusgaser genom utökat skydd och restaurering av ekosystem, något som krävs för att begränsa de värsta konsekvenserna av klimatkrisen (IPCC s.32). Trots dessa låga ambitioner misslyckas Sverige med att nå sina utsläppsmål, konstaterar både Klimatpolitiska rådet och Naturvårdsverket. En klimatpolitik i linje med Parisavtalet kräver både att alla typer av växthusgasutsläpp minskar samtidigt som – inte i stället för – upptaget av växthusgaser maximeras: i dag misslyckas Sverige på bägge fronter.

Slutsatsen är tydlig. Sverige vidtar inte de åtgärder som krävs för att skydda barns och ungdomars rättigheter enligt Europakonventionen till skydd för de mänskliga rättigheterna. Detta medför allvarliga risker för liv och hälsa för unga generationer, människor i andra länder och särskilt utsatta grupper. Detta kan inte fortsätta. Därför ställer vi oss bakom Auroras krav att Sverige börjar göra sin rättvisa andel och omedelbart sätter igång ett omfattande och långtgående klimatarbete som vilar på vetenskaplig grund och sätter rättvisa i centrum.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Aftonbladet, 2022. p. 2
Keywords
Klimatförändringar; växthusgaser; mänskliga rättigheter
National Category
Law and Society
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-50340 (URN)
Note

Aftonbladet Debatt

Available from: 2022-12-07 Created: 2022-12-07 Last updated: 2023-10-06Bibliographically approved
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Landscape structure, patterns of biodiversity and conservation strategies in the Baltic Sea region [A064-2007_OSS]; Södertörn University; Publications
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Transforming cultural landscapes in expansive peri-urban areas implications for ecosystem services in local planning [2017-01078_Formas]; Södertörn UniversityHuman – environment interactions and the epidemiological periurban landscape of tick-borne diseases [52/2018_OSS]; Södertörn University; Publications
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Health hazard in the Baltic sea: the effect of fluorinated substances on Baltic sea organisms [S2-20-0019_OSS]; Södertörn University; Publications
Banyoi, S.-M., Porseryd, T., Larsson, J., Grahn, M. & Dinnétz, P. (2022). The effects of exposure to environmentally relevant PFAS concentrations for aquatic organisms at different consumer trophic levels: Systematic review and meta-analyses. Environmental Pollution, 315, Article ID 120422.
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